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Brother Jonathan
Brother Jonathan

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Brother Jonathan is here in full — 146 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.
Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.
He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.
They called him Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.
Israel Putnam was born a hero.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Brother Jonathan

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Brother Jonathan is here in full — 146 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.
Line 2
Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.
Line 3
He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.
/hiː wɑːz meɪd ə ˈmeɪdʒər ɪn ðə ˈnɔːrðərn kæmˈpeɪn ˈæftərwərd ə ˈkɜːrnəl ðen ɪn ðə ˈɪndiən wɔːr hiː bɪˈkeɪm ə ˈdʒenərəl/
Line 4
They called himMajor Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.
Line 5
Israel Putnam was born a hero.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Conn verb US /kɑːn/

conduct or direct the steering of a ship or plane

From this reading “THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.”

Cornwallis noun US /kɔːrnˈwɔːləs/

commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence; was defeated by American and French troops at Yorktown (1738-1805)

From this reading “THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.”

demesne noun US /dəˈmeɪn/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading “THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.”

flocks noun US /flɑːks/

plural of “flock” — a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading “Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.”

herds noun US /hɜːrdz/

plural of “herd” — a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans

From this reading “Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.”

manor noun US /ˈmænər/

the mansion of a lord or wealthy person

From this reading “THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.”

sparing adjective US /ˈsperɪŋ/

avoiding waste

From this reading “They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.”

titles noun US /ˈtaɪtəlz/

plural of “title” — a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading “They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

green hills noun + noun counted as “green hill”

In this reading “THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.”

old manor adjective + noun

In this reading “THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

500

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

acresnounUS /ˈeɪkərz/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

afterwardadverbUS /ˈæftərwərd/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

apple-trees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

befitted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

Blackwell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading Israel Putnam was born a hero.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

campaignnounUS /kæmˈpeɪn/

a race between candidates for elective office

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

colonelnounUS /ˈkɜːrnəl/

a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines who ranks above a lieutenant colonel and below a brigadier general

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

ConnverbUS /kɑːn/

conduct or direct the steering of a ship or plane

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

CornwallisnounUS /kɔːrnˈwɔːləs/

commander of the British forces in the American War of Independence; was defeated by American and French troops at Yorktown (1738-1805)

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

demesnenounUS /dəˈmeɪn/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

FARMERnounUS /ˈfɑːrmər/

a person who operates a farm

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

farmersnounUS /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

FLOCKnounUS /flɑːk/

a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

flocksnounUS /flɑːks/

plural of “flock” — a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

herdsnounUS /hɜːrdz/

plural of “herd” — a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading Israel Putnam was born a hero.

HILLSnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

IsraelnounUS /ˈɪzriəl/

Jewish republic in southwestern Asia at eastern end of Mediterranean; formerly part of Palestine

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

JOLLYadjectiveUS /ˈdʒɑːli/

full of or showing high-spirited merriment

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

majoradjectiveUS /ˈmeɪdʒər/

of greater importance or stature or rank

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

manornounUS /ˈmænər/

the mansion of a lord or wealthy person

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

Mortlake

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

northernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

plantverbUS /plænt/

put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

Pomfretnoun

deep-bodied sooty-black pelagic spiny-finned fish of the northern Atlantic and northern Pacific; valued for food

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

purchasedverbUS /ˈpɜːrtʃəst/

past form of “purchase” — obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

Putnam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

raiseverbUS /reɪz/

raise the level or amount of something

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

resortnounUS /rɪˈzɔːrt/

a hotel located in a resort area

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

SHEEPnounUS /ʃiːp/

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

sparingadjectiveUS /ˈsperɪŋ/

avoiding waste

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

sunnyadjectiveUS /ˈsʌni/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

territorynounUS /ˈterɪtɔːri/

a region marked off for administrative or other purposes

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

titlenounUS /ˈtaɪtəl/

a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

titlesnounUS /ˈtaɪtəlz/

plural of “title” — a heading that names a statute or legislative bill; may give a brief summary of the matters it deals with

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading He was made a major in the northern campaign, afterward a colonel, then in the Indian War he became a general.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Here Israel Putnam purchased a farm of some 500 acres, at what is now Pomfret, Conn., and began to raise great herds of cattle and flocks of sheep, and to plant apple-trees.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

WINDHAM

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE JOLLY FARMER OF WINDHAM HILLS AND HIS FLOCK OF SHEEP There was an old manor in sunny England to which Lord Cornwallis used to resort, and a certain Captain Blackwell purchased a territory in Windham, Conn., among the green hills and called it Mortlake Manor, after the English demesne.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading They called him “Major Putnam,” for the title befitted his character, and he wished to be sparing of titles among the farmers of Windham.

Chapter 3 of Brother Jonathan by Hezekiah Butterworth holds 146 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Brother Jonathan contain?

Chapter 3 holds 146 sentences of Brother Jonathan, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Brother Jonathan by Hezekiah Butterworth exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 146 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Brother Jonathan?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Brother Jonathan

Common questions about reading Brother Jonathan by Hezekiah Butterworth on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Brother Jonathan?

Yes. All 4370 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #64126 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Brother Jonathan is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #64126, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Brother Jonathan take to read?

About 364 minutes of reading across 874 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Brother Jonathan section by section

How to work through Brother Jonathan section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of Brother Jonathan to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Brother Jonathan

Words and structures a reader meets early in Brother Jonathan, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Audubon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boyhood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lincoln
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.