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Brother Jonathan
Brother Jonathan

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Brother Jonathan is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.
It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.
To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.
The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.
The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Brother Jonathan

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Brother Jonathan is here in full — 200 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/40 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.
/ðə fɜːrst ʌv ˈpeɪtriəts æt hoʊm ə ˈnoʊbəl ˈpraɪvət skuːl fɜːrst meɪd ˈlebənən ʌv ðə ˈsiːdərz ˈfeɪməs/
Line 2
It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.
/ɪt hæd bɪn ˈfaʊndɪd baɪ ðə ˈprɑːspərəs hɪl ˈfɑːrmərz ˈʌndər ðə ˈɪnfluːəns ʌv ðə ˈɡʌvərnər/
Line 3
To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.
/tuː ðɪs skuːl ðə ˈlætər sent hɪz faɪv ˈtʃɪldrən huː priˈperd ðer fɔːr ˈkɑːlɪdʒ ɔːr ðə ˈhaɪər skuːlz/
Line 4
The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.
/ðə ˈɡʌvərnər pəˈzest ə strɔːŋ maɪnd ðæt wɑːz soʊ klɪr ənd fʊl ʌv ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən æz tuː biː ˈɔːlmoʊst poʊˈetɪk ənd prəˈfetɪk/
Line 5
The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cedars noun US /ˈsiːdərz/

plural of “cedar” — any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars

From this reading “THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.”

Hebrew noun US /ˈhiːbruː/

the ancient Canaanitic language of the Hebrews that has been revived as the official language of Israel

From this reading “The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.”

Lebanon noun US /ˈlebənən/

an Asian republic at east end of Mediterranean

From this reading “THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.”

patriots noun US /ˈpeɪtriəts/

plural of “patriot” — one who loves and defends his or her country

From this reading “THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.”

poetic adjective US /poʊˈetɪk/

of or relating to poetry

From this reading “The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.”

prophetic adjective US /prəˈfetɪk/

foretelling events as if by supernatural intervention

From this reading “The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.”

prosperous adjective US /ˈprɑːspərəs/

in fortunate circumstances financially; moderately rich

From this reading “It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.”

Scriptures noun US /ˈskrɪptʃərz/

plural of “scripture” — the sacred writings of the Christian religions

From this reading “The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

under the influence preposition + article + noun counted as “under … influence”

In this reading “It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.”

private school adjective + noun

a school established and controlled privately and supported by endowment and tuition

In this reading “THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.”

AT HOME preposition + noun

a reception held in your own home

In this reading “THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.”

many books adjective + noun

In this reading “The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

cedarsnounUS /ˈsiːdərz/

plural of “cedar” — any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

collegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

famousadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪməs/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

farmersnounUS /ˈfɑːrmərz/

plural of “farmer” — a person who operates a farm

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

FIRSTadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

foundedverbUS /ˈfaʊndɪd/

past form of “found” — set up or found

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

GovernornounUS /ˈɡʌvərnər/

the head of a state government

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

HebrewnounUS /ˈhiːbruː/

the ancient Canaanitic language of the Hebrews that has been revived as the official language of Israel

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

hillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

HOMEnounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

JobnounUS /dʒɑːb/

the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

latteradjectiveUS /ˈlætər/

referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned (or the last one or ones of several)

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

LebanonnounUS /ˈlebənən/

an Asian republic at east end of Mediterranean

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

PATRIOTSnounUS /ˈpeɪtriəts/

plural of “patriot” — one who loves and defends his or her country

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

poemsnounUS /ˈpoʊəmz/

plural of “poem” — a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

poeticadjectiveUS /poʊˈetɪk/

of or relating to poetry

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

propheticadjectiveUS /prəˈfetɪk/

foretelling events as if by supernatural intervention

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

prosperousadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːspərəs/

in fortunate circumstances financially; moderately rich

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

schoolsnounUS /skuːlz/

plural of “school” — an educational institution

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

ScripturesnounUS /ˈskrɪptʃərz/

plural of “scripture” — the sacred writings of the Christian religions

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FIRST OF PATRIOTS AT HOME A noble private school first made Lebanon of the cedars famous.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading It had been founded by the prosperous hill farmers under the influence of the Governor.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The Governor possessed a strong mind, that was so clear and full of imagination as to be almost poetic and prophetic.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Scriptures were his book of poems, and he read many books――_Job_ in Hebrew, and _John_ in Greek.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading To this school the latter sent his five children, who prepared there for college or the higher schools.

Chapter 4 of Brother Jonathan by Hezekiah Butterworth holds 200 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Brother Jonathan contain?

Chapter 4 holds 200 sentences of Brother Jonathan, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Brother Jonathan by Hezekiah Butterworth exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 200 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Brother Jonathan?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Brother Jonathan

Common questions about reading Brother Jonathan by Hezekiah Butterworth on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Brother Jonathan?

Yes. All 4370 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #64126 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Brother Jonathan is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #64126, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Brother Jonathan take to read?

About 364 minutes of reading across 874 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Brother Jonathan section by section

How to work through Brother Jonathan section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of Brother Jonathan to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Brother Jonathan

Words and structures a reader meets early in Brother Jonathan, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Audubon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boyhood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lincoln
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.