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Brother Jonathan
Brother Jonathan

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Brother Jonathan is here in full — 293 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.
His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.
Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.
It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, Auvergne sans tache.”
These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Brother Jonathan

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Brother Jonathan is here in full — 293 sentences across 59 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/58 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.
Line 2
His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.
Line 3
Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.
Line 4
It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”
Line 5
These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.
/ðiːz ˈsoʊldʒərz kept ðɪs ˈmɑːtoʊ ʌv ðer ˈmaʊntən hoʊmz ˈevər ɪn vjuː ðeɪ wʊd daɪ ˈræðər ðæn ˈvaɪəleɪt ðə ˈspɪrət ʌv ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

birthplace noun US /ˈbɜːrθpleɪs/

the place where someone was born

From this reading “His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.”

Château noun US /ʃæˈtoʊ/

A large French country house or castle, often surrounded by expansive estates and private galleries.

From this reading “His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.”

lafayette noun US /ˌlɑːfiˈet/

French soldier who served under George Washington in the American Revolution (1757-1834)

From this reading “THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.”

motto noun US /ˈmɑːtoʊ/

a favorite saying of a sect or political group

From this reading “It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.””

outlive verb US /ˌaʊtˈlɪv/

live longer than

From this reading “Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.”

proverb noun US /ˈprɑːvərb/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading “It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.””

stain noun US /steɪn/

a soiled or discolored appearance

From this reading “It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.””

violate verb US /ˈvaɪəleɪt/

fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns

From this reading “These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

six miles noun + noun counted as “six mile”

In this reading “His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.”

associated with verb + particle counted as “associate with”

In this reading “It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.””

WHITE HORSE noun + noun

a wave that is blown by the wind so its crest is broken and appears white

In this reading “THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.”

in the province preposition + article + noun counted as “in … province”

In this reading “THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.”

some six adjective + noun

In this reading “His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.”

in view preposition + noun

In this reading “These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1757

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

6

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

associatedverbUS /əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd/

past form of “associate” — make a logical or causal connection

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

Auvergnenoun

a region in central France

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

birthplacenounUS /ˈbɜːrθpleɪs/

the place where someone was born

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

Brionde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

Cantal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

celebratedadjectiveUS /ˈseləbreɪtɪd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

Chavagnac

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

ChâteaunounUS /ʃæˈtoʊ/

A large French country house or castle, often surrounded by expansive estates and private galleries.

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

deservedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzɜːrvd/

properly deserved

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

distinctionnounUS /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/

a discrimination between things as different and distinct on the basis of their characteristics or attributes

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

ensigns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

escutcheons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

Haute-Loire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

henceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

homesnounUS /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

honornounUS /ˈɑːnər/

a tangible symbol signifying approval or distinction

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

HORSEnounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

jewelsnounUS /ˈdʒuːəlz/

plural of “jewel” — a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

kingsnounUS /kɪŋz/

plural of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

LAFAYETTEnounUS /ˌlɑːfiˈet/

French soldier who served under George Washington in the American Revolution (1757-1834)

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

mottonounUS /ˈmɑːtoʊ/

a favorite saying of a sect or political group

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

outliveverbUS /ˌaʊtˈlɪv/

live longer than

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

proverbnounUS /ˈprɑːvərb/

a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

provincenounUS /ˈprɑːvəns/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

Puy-de-Dôme

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

ruggedadjectiveUS /ˈrʌɡəd/

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

sans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

SECRETnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

situatedadjectiveUS /ˈsɪtʃuːeɪtɪd/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

soldiersnounUS /ˈsoʊldʒərz/

plural of “soldier” — an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading His birthplace was the Château de Chavagnac, situated some six miles from ancient Brionde.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

stainnounUS /steɪn/

a soiled or discolored appearance

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

STORYnounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

tache

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

townsnounUS /taʊnz/

plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

violateverbUS /ˈvaɪəleɪt/

fail to agree with; be in violation of; as of rules or patterns

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

virtuesnounUS /ˈvɜːrtʃuːz/

plural of “virtue” — the quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

WHITEnounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading THE SECRET OF LAFAYETTE THE STORY OF THE WHITE HORSE Lafayette was born on September 6, 1757, in the province of Auvergne, now Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme, and Haute-Loire.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Auvergne was celebrated for men of character and honor rather than wealth and distinction――men who deserved to outlive kings, and whose jewels were virtues.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It became a proverb that the men of Auvergne knew no stain, and hence the ensigns and escutcheons of the rugged soldiers of the mountain towns were associated with the motto, “Auvergne sans tache.”

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading These soldiers kept this motto of their mountain homes ever in view; they would die rather than violate the spirit of it.

Chapter 12 of Brother Jonathan by Hezekiah Butterworth holds 293 sentences, grouped into 59 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Brother Jonathan contain?

Chapter 12 holds 293 sentences of Brother Jonathan, unabridged, divided into 59 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Brother Jonathan by Hezekiah Butterworth exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 293 sentences, grouped into 59 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Brother Jonathan?

Work through the 59 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 59 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Brother Jonathan

Common questions about reading Brother Jonathan by Hezekiah Butterworth on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Brother Jonathan?

Yes. All 4370 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #64126 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Brother Jonathan is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #64126, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Brother Jonathan take to read?

About 364 minutes of reading across 874 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Brother Jonathan section by section

How to work through Brother Jonathan section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 16 chapters of Brother Jonathan to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Brother Jonathan

Words and structures a reader meets early in Brother Jonathan, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Audubon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boyhood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lincoln
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Brother Jonathan; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.