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Bruce
Bruce

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Bruce is here in full — 372 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Bruce
Context Illustration Reading 1/74 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.
In the middle distance rotted a village that had once been alive.
In the foreground stood an edifice that had once been a church.
The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.
Its vegetation was swept away.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Bruce

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Bruce is here in full — 372 sentences across 75 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/74 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.
/ɪn ðə ˈbækɡraʊnd leɪ ə ˈlændskeɪp ðæt hæd wʌns bɪn ˈbjuːtəfəl/
Line 2
In the middle distance rotted a village that had once been alive.
/ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ˈdɪstəns ˈrɑːtɪd ə ˈvɪlədʒ ðæt hæd wʌns bɪn əˈlaɪv/
Line 3
In the foreground stood an edifice that had once been a church.
/ɪn ðə ˈfɔːrɡraʊnd stʊd æn ˈedəfəs ðæt hæd wʌns bɪn ə tʃɜːrtʃ/
Line 4
The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.
Line 5
Its vegetation was swept away.
/ɪts ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃən wɑːz swept əˈweɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

crater noun US /ˈkreɪtər/

a bowl-shaped geological formation at the top of a volcano

From this reading “The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.”

edifice noun US /ˈedəfəs/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading “In the foreground stood an edifice that had once been a church.”

foreground noun US /ˈfɔːrɡraʊnd/

the part of a scene that is near the viewer

From this reading “In the foreground stood an edifice that had once been a church.”

gigantic adjective US /dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/

so exceedingly large or extensive as to suggest a giant or mammoth

From this reading “The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.”

pockmarked adjective US /ˈpɑːkmɑːrkt/

used of paved surfaces having holes or pits

From this reading “The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.”

rotted adjective US /ˈrɑːtɪd/

damaged by decay; hence unsound and useless

From this reading “In the middle distance rotted a village that had once been alive.”

scored verb US /skɔːrd/

past form of “score” — gain points in a game

From this reading “The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.”

vegetation noun US /ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃən/

all the plant life in a particular region or period

From this reading “Its vegetation was swept away.”

All words in this reading · 39

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

aliveadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪv/

possessing life

From this reading In the middle distance rotted a village that had once been alive.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In the foreground stood an edifice that had once been a church.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Its vegetation was swept away.

backgroundnounUS /ˈbækɡraʊnd/

a person's social heritage: previous experience or training

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading In the foreground stood an edifice that had once been a church.

craternounUS /ˈkreɪtər/

a bowl-shaped geological formation at the top of a volcano

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading In the middle distance rotted a village that had once been alive.

edificenounUS /ˈedəfəs/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading In the foreground stood an edifice that had once been a church.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

foregroundnounUS /ˈfɔːrɡraʊnd/

the part of a scene that is near the viewer

From this reading In the foreground stood an edifice that had once been a church.

giganticadjectiveUS /dʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/

so exceedingly large or extensive as to suggest a giant or mammoth

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its vegetation was swept away.

landscapenounUS /ˈlændskeɪp/

an expanse of scenery that can be seen in a single view

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading In the middle distance rotted a village that had once been alive.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

once-beautiful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

pockmarkedadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːkmɑːrkt/

used of paved surfaces having holes or pits

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

rottedadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːtɪd/

damaged by decay; hence unsound and useless

From this reading In the middle distance rotted a village that had once been alive.

scoredverbUS /skɔːrd/

past form of “score” — gain points in a game

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

shell-scar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading In the foreground stood an edifice that had once been a church.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading Its vegetation was swept away.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In the background lay a landscape that had once been beautiful.

vegetationnounUS /ˌvedʒəˈteɪʃən/

all the plant life in a particular region or period

From this reading Its vegetation was swept away.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading In the middle distance rotted a village that had once been alive.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The once-beautiful landscape had the look of a gigantic pockmarked face, so scored was it by shell-scar and crater.

Chapter 5 of Bruce by Albert Payson Terhune holds 372 sentences, grouped into 75 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Bruce contain?

Chapter 5 holds 372 sentences of Bruce, unabridged, divided into 75 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Bruce by Albert Payson Terhune exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 372 sentences, grouped into 75 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Bruce?

Work through the 75 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 75 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Bruce

Common questions about reading Bruce by Albert Payson Terhune on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Bruce?

Yes. All 2486 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2391 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Bruce is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2391, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Bruce take to read?

About 207 minutes of reading across 498 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Bruce section by section

How to work through Bruce section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Bruce to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Bruce

Words and structures a reader meets early in Bruce, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beautiful
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heart
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Soul--which
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Curse
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Bruce; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.