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Burl
Burl

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Burl is here in full — 72 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Burl
Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
HOW SOMEBODY WAS LOST IN THE PARADISE.
For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.
When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.
By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.
Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Burl

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Burl is here in full — 72 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
HOW SOMEBODY WAS LOST IN THE PARADISE.
Line 2
For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.
Line 3
When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.
Line 4
By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.
/baɪ ðɪs taɪm ðə əˈsembli hæd ɡroʊn mɔːr ˈnɔɪzi ənd əbˈstrepərəs ðæn ˈevər tɪl ˈfaɪnəli ɔːl ˈɔːrdər ənd dɪˈkɔːrəm lɔːst ðə bɪɡ tɔːk broʊk ʌp ɪn ə bɪɡ roʊ ðə ˈrædəkəlz ˈtɜːrnɪŋ teɪlz əˈpɑːn iːtʃ ˈʌðər ənd ˈflaɪɪŋ əˈweɪ tuː ðə nɔːrθ ənd ðə saʊθ ðə kənˈsɜːrvətɪvz ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ iːtʃ ˈʌðər noʊ ˈbetər ˈflaɪɪŋ əˈweɪ tuː ðə iːst ənd ðə west/
Line 5
Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Burl noun US /bɜːrl/

the wood cut from a tree burl or outgrowth; often used decoratively in veneer

From this reading “Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"”

conservatives noun US /kənˈsɜːrvətɪvz/

plural of “conservative” — a person who is reluctant to accept changes and new ideas

From this reading “By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.”

furrow verb US /ˈfɜːroʊ/

hollow out in the form of a furrow or groove

From this reading “For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.”

obstreperous adjective US /əbˈstrepərəs/

noisily and stubbornly defiant

From this reading “By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.”

plow verb US /plaʊ/

to break and turn over earth especially with a plow

From this reading “When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.”

plowing noun US /ˈplaʊɪŋ/

tilling the land with a plow

From this reading “For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.”

radicals noun US /ˈrædəkəlz/

plural of “radical” — (chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule

From this reading “By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.”

squirrels noun US /ˈskwɜːrəlz/

plural of “squirrel” — a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail

From this reading “When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.”

All words in this reading · 116

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

amusedadjectiveUS /əˈmjuːzd/

pleasantly occupied

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

assemblynounUS /əˈsembli/

a group of machine parts that fit together to form a self-contained unit

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

birdsnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

blastedadjectiveUS /ˈblæstəd/

expletives used informally as intensifiers

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

brokeadjectiveUS /broʊk/

lacking funds

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

BurlnounUS /bɜːrl/

the wood cut from a tree burl or outgrowth; often used decoratively in veneer

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

Bushie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

cheerilyadverb

in a cheerful manner

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

conservativesnounUS /kənˈsɜːrvətɪvz/

plural of “conservative” — a person who is reluctant to accept changes and new ideas

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

crowsnounUS /kroʊz/

plural of “crow” — black birds having a raucous call

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

cuttingnounUS /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

decorumnounUS /dɪˈkɔːrəm/

propriety in manners and conduct

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

dogsnounUS /dɑːɡz/

plural of “dog” — a member of the genus Canis (probably descended from the common wolf) that has been domesticated by man since prehistoric times; occurs in many breeds

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

fenceverbUS /fens/

enclose with a fence

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

finallyadverbUS /ˈfaɪnəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

flyingadjectiveUS /ˈflaɪɪŋ/

moving swiftly

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

furrowverbUS /ˈfɜːroʊ/

hollow out in the form of a furrow or groove

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

greetingnounUS /ˈɡriːtɪŋ/

(usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

HOW

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading HOW SOMEBODY WAS LOST IN THE PARADISE.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading HOW SOMEBODY WAS LOST IN THE PARADISE.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

limbnounUS /lɪm/

one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

LOSTadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading HOW SOMEBODY WAS LOST IN THE PARADISE.

lungsnounUS /lʌŋz/

plural of “lung” — either of two saclike respiratory organs in the chest of vertebrates; serves to remove carbon dioxide and provide oxygen to the blood

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

nearedverbUS /nɪrd/

past form of “near” — move towards

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

nest-building

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

noisyadjectiveUS /ˈnɔɪzi/

full of or characterized by loud and nonmusical sounds

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

oaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

obstreperousadjectiveUS /əbˈstrepərəs/

noisily and stubbornly defiant

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

PARADISEnounUS /ˈperədaɪs/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading HOW SOMEBODY WAS LOST IN THE PARADISE.

perchnounUS /pɜːrtʃ/

support consisting of a branch or rod that serves as a resting place (especially for a bird)

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

plowverbUS /plaʊ/

to break and turn over earth especially with a plow

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

plowingnounUS /ˈplaʊɪŋ/

tilling the land with a plow

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

radicalsnounUS /ˈrædəkəlz/

plural of “radical” — (chemistry) two or more atoms bound together as a single unit and forming part of a molecule

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

rownounUS /roʊ/

an arrangement of objects or people side by side in a line

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

shiftingadjectiveUS /ˈʃɪftɪŋ/

continuously varying

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

singingnounUS /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/

the act of singing vocal music

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

SOMEBODYpronounUS /ˈsʌmbɑːdi/

a person, without saying who

From this reading HOW SOMEBODY WAS LOST IN THE PARADISE.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

spiedverbUS /spaɪd/

inflected form of “spy” — catch sight of

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

squirrelsnounUS /ˈskwɜːrəlz/

plural of “squirrel” — a kind of arboreal rodent having a long bushy tail

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

stationnounUS /ˈsteɪʃən/

a facility equipped with special equipment and personnel for a particular purpose

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

stentorianadjective

(used of the voice or sound) deep and resonant

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

tailsnounUS /teɪlz/

formalwear consisting of full evening dress for men

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading HOW SOMEBODY WAS LOST IN THE PARADISE.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

turningnounUS /ˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

understandingnounUS /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

the cognitive condition of someone who understands

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

WASauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading HOW SOMEBODY WAS LOST IN THE PARADISE.

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading By this time the assembly had grown more noisy and obstreperous than ever, till finally, all order and decorum lost, the big talk broke up in a big row, the radicals turning tails upon each other and flying away to the north and the south; the conservatives, understanding each other no better, flying away to the east and the west.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading When the plow was not in sight he amused himself by watching the squirrels at play, or the birds at nest-building, or the crows where they still kept their station on the blasted limb of the oak.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading For an hour or two the plowing and singing went cheerily on; Bushie, the while, shifting his perch upon the fence to keep himself on a line with the furrow next to be run.

wontedadjective

commonly used or practiced; usual

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

yinounUS /jiː/

a Loloish language

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Each time, as he neared the end of his furrow, Burl cutting short his singing the moment he spied his little master, would send forward at the top of his stentorian lungs his wonted greeting, "I yi, you dogs!"

Chapter 4 of Burl by Morrison Heady holds 72 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Burl contain?

Chapter 4 holds 72 sentences of Burl, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Burl by Morrison Heady exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 72 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Burl?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Burl

Common questions about reading Burl by Morrison Heady on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Burl?

Yes. All 1839 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27363 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Burl is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #27363, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Burl take to read?

About 153 minutes of reading across 368 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Burl section by section

How to work through Burl section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Burl to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Burl

Words and structures a reader meets early in Burl, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Morrison
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Burl; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heady
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Burl; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Southern
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Burl; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Methodist
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Burl; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.