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By Birth a Lady
By Birth a Lady

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of By Birth a Lady is here in full — 398 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.
But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.
O, here they are, though!"
The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.
The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

By Birth a Lady

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of By Birth a Lady is here in full — 398 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.
Line 2
But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.
Line 3
O, here they are, though!"
/oʊ hiːr ðeɪ ɑːr ðoʊ/
Line 4
The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.
Line 5
The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.
/ðə ˈhɔːrsəz wɜːr ˈpɔːɪŋ ʌp ðə ˈɡrævəl tuː ðə dɪsˈɡʌst ʌv ðə ˈɡɑːrdənər huː θɔːt ʌv ðə ˈroʊlɪŋ tuː biː dʌn bʌt went ənd draʊnd hɪz ˈsɑːroʊz ɪn sʌm ʌv ðə bɪr ɑːn ðə weɪ wɪð ˈæmpəl ˈsɑːlədz ɪn ðə breɪ ˈkɪtʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ample adjective US /ˈæmpəl/

more than enough in size or scope or capacity

From this reading “The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.”

Bray verb US /breɪ/

braying characteristic of donkeys

From this reading “"Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.”

bridesmaids noun US /ˈbraɪdzmeɪdz/

plural of “bridesmaid” — an unmarried woman who attends the bride at a wedding

From this reading “"Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.”

gardener noun US /ˈɡɑːrdənər/

someone who takes care of a garden

From this reading “The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.”

gravel noun US /ˈɡrævəl/

rock fragments and pebbles

From this reading “The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.”

pawing verb US /ˈpɔːɪŋ/

-ing form of “paw” — scrape with the paws

From this reading “The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.”

solids noun US /ˈsɑːlədz/

plural of “solid” — matter that is solid at room temperature and pressure

From this reading “The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.”

sorrows noun US /ˈsɑːroʊz/

plural of “sorrow” — an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading “The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

young ladies adjective + noun counted as “young lady”

a young female

In this reading “The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.”

set down verb + adjective

put down in writing; of texts, musical compositions, etc.

In this reading “The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.”

at the door preposition + article + noun counted as “at … door”

In this reading “The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.”

on the way preposition + article + noun counted as “on … way”

on a route to some place

In this reading “The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

ampleadjectiveUS /ˈæmpəl/

more than enough in size or scope or capacity

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

Barnett

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

beernounUS /bɪr/

a general name for alcoholic beverages made by fermenting a cereal (or mixture of cereals) flavored with hops

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

BrayverbUS /breɪ/

braying characteristic of donkeys

From this reading "Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.

bridesmaidsnounUS /ˈbraɪdzmeɪdz/

plural of “bridesmaid” — an unmarried woman who attends the bride at a wedding

From this reading "Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

disgustverbUS /dɪsˈɡʌst/

fill with distaste

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

drawing-room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

drownedverbUS /draʊnd/

past form of “drown” — cover completely or make imperceptible

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

gardenernounUS /ˈɡɑːrdənər/

someone who takes care of a garden

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

gravelnounUS /ˈɡrævəl/

rock fragments and pebbles

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

kitchennounUS /ˈkɪtʃən/

a room equipped for preparing meals

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

ladiesnounUS /ˈleɪdiz/

plural of “lady” — a polite name for any woman

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

Lingons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

MissverbUS /mɪs/

fail to perceive or to catch with the senses or the mind

From this reading "Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.

MrsnounUS /ˈmɪsɪz/

a form of address for a married woman

From this reading "Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.

Nelly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading O, here they are, though!"

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

pawingverbUS /ˈpɔːɪŋ/

-ing form of “paw” — scrape with the paws

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

rollingadjectiveUS /ˈroʊlɪŋ/

uttered with a trill

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

solidsnounUS /ˈsɑːlədz/

plural of “solid” — matter that is solid at room temperature and pressure

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

sorrowsnounUS /ˈsɑːroʊz/

plural of “sorrow” — an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading O, here they are, though!"

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading O, here they are, though!"

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

TwonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading "Two bridesmaids," said Mrs Bray: "Nelly and Miss Barnett.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The horses were pawing up the gravel, to the disgust of the gardener, who thought of the rolling to be done; but went and drowned his sorrows in some of the beer on the way, with ample solids, in the Bray kitchen.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading But we have plenty of time; and the Miss Lingons are not here yet.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading The young ladies were set down at the door as she spoke; and soon the Bray drawing-room was well filled.

Chapter 11 of By Birth a Lady by George Manville Fenn holds 398 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of By Birth a Lady contain?

Chapter 11 holds 398 sentences of By Birth a Lady, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of By Birth a Lady by George Manville Fenn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 398 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of By Birth a Lady?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading By Birth a Lady

Common questions about reading By Birth a Lady by George Manville Fenn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of By Birth a Lady?

Yes. All 5344 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34142 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of By Birth a Lady is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34142, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does By Birth a Lady take to read?

About 445 minutes of reading across 1069 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in By Birth a Lady

Words and structures a reader meets early in By Birth a Lady, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Birth a Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chapter
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Something
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Birth a Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Letter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Birth a Lady; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.