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By Desert Ways to Baghdad
By Desert Ways to Baghdad

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of By Desert Ways to Baghdad is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for By Desert Ways to Baghdad
Context Illustration Reading 1/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.
We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.
There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.
It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.
So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

By Desert Ways to Baghdad

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of By Desert Ways to Baghdad is here in full — 104 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.
/ˈsoʊʃəl ˈɪntərkɔːrs wʌn triː stʊd aʊt ɪn ðə ˈmɪdəl ʌv ðə fiːld ɪn wɪtʃ wiː wɜːr ɪnˈkæmpt/
Line 2
We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.
/wiː spred ˈaʊər ˈkɑːrpət ˈʌndər ɪt ənd leɪd aʊərˈselvz aʊt fɔːr ə ˈleɪzi deɪ/
Line 3
There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.
/ðer wɜːr ˈletərz tuː raɪt hoʊm ənd plænz tuː meɪk əˈbaʊt ðə ˈdʒɜːrni əˈhed/
Line 4
It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.
Line 5
So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

carpet noun US /ˈkɑːrpət/

floor covering consisting of a piece of thick heavy fabric (usually with nap or pile)

From this reading “We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.”

comfortably adverb US /ˈkʌmfərtəbli/

in mental comfort; without stress

From this reading “It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.”

day's noun US /deɪz/

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading “It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.”

encamped verb US /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading “SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.”

engendered verb US /enˈdʒendərd/

past form of “engender” — call forth

From this reading “It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.”

intercourse noun US /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading “SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.”

lazy adjective US /ˈleɪzi/

moving slowly and gently

From this reading “We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.”

social adjective US /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading “SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

SOCIAL INTERCOURSE adjective + noun

communication between individuals

In this reading “SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.”

engendered by verb + particle counted as “engender by”

In this reading “It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.”

in the middle preposition + article + noun counted as “in … middle”

In this reading “SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.”

stood out verb + adjective

In this reading “SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

aheadadverbUS /əˈhed/

at or in the front

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

carpetnounUS /ˈkɑːrpət/

floor covering consisting of a piece of thick heavy fabric (usually with nap or pile)

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

comfortablyadverbUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbli/

in mental comfort; without stress

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

day'snounUS /deɪz/

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

decidedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪˈsaɪdɪd/

recognizable; marked

From this reading So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

encampedverbUS /ɪnˈkæmpt/

past form of “encamp” — live in or as if in a tent

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

engenderedverbUS /enˈdʒendərd/

past form of “engender” — call forth

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

feelingnounUS /ˈfiːlɪŋ/

the experiencing of affective and emotional states

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

INTERCOURSEnounUS /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

Isnik

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

laidadjectiveUS /leɪd/

set down according to a plan

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

lazyadjectiveUS /ˈleɪzi/

moving slowly and gently

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

plansnounUS /plænz/

plural of “plan” — a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

rideverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.

SOCIALadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

spendverbUS /spend/

use up a period of time in a specific way

From this reading So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

SundaynounUS /ˈsʌndeɪ/

first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading So we had decided to spend this Sunday at Isnik.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

transitorinessnoun

an impermanence that suggests the inevitability of ending or dying

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

treenounUS /triː/

a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading We spread our carpet under it and laid ourselves out for a lazy day.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading SOCIAL INTERCOURSE One tree stood out in the middle of the field in which we were encamped.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was impossible to do such things comfortably after a day's ride and with the feeling of transitoriness engendered by a short night in camp.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading There were letters to write home and plans to make about the journey ahead.

Chapter 4 of By Desert Ways to Baghdad by Louisa Jebb Wilkins holds 104 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of By Desert Ways to Baghdad contain?

Chapter 4 holds 104 sentences of By Desert Ways to Baghdad, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of By Desert Ways to Baghdad by Louisa Jebb Wilkins exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 104 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of By Desert Ways to Baghdad?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading By Desert Ways to Baghdad

Common questions about reading By Desert Ways to Baghdad by Louisa Jebb Wilkins on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of By Desert Ways to Baghdad?

Yes. All 3663 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #38319 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of By Desert Ways to Baghdad is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #38319, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does By Desert Ways to Baghdad take to read?

About 305 minutes of reading across 733 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read By Desert Ways to Baghdad section by section

How to work through By Desert Ways to Baghdad section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 24 chapters of By Desert Ways to Baghdad to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in By Desert Ways to Baghdad

Words and structures a reader meets early in By Desert Ways to Baghdad, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Uniform
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Desert Ways to Baghdad; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Desert Ways to Baghdad; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Desert Ways to Baghdad; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Arthur
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Desert Ways to Baghdad; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.