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By England's Aid
By England's Aid

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of By England's Aid is here in full — 149 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
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A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.
"My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.
"She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.
But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.
What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

By England's Aid

Chapter XVI · Chapter 16

Chapter 16 of By England's Aid is here in full — 149 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.
/ə ˈspænɪʃ ˈmɜːr.tʃənt æz suːn æz ðə seɪlz hæd bɪn set ənd ðə ˈvesəl wɑːz ˈʌndər weɪ ðə ˈspænjərd keɪm aʊt frʌm ðə ˈkæbən/
Line 2
"My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.
Line 3
"She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.
Line 4
But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.
/bʌt fɔːr juː aɪ ʃʊd naʊ biː ˈdaɪɪŋ ɔːr ded maɪ ˈdɔːtər ə sleɪv fɔːr laɪf ɪn ðə ˈpæləs ʌv ðə beɪ/
Line 5
What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assuredly adverb US /əˈʃʊrədli/

without a doubt

From this reading “What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.”

bey noun US /beɪ/

(formerly) a title of respect for a man in Turkey or Egypt

From this reading “But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.”

Englishmen noun US /ˌeŋˈlɪʃmən/

plural of “englishman” — a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading “What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.”

helm noun US /helm/

steering mechanism for a vessel; a mechanical device by which a vessel is steered

From this reading “"My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.”

sails noun US /seɪlz/

plural of “sail” — a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel

From this reading “A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.”

senor noun US /ˌsiːˈnjɔːr/

a Spanish title or form of address for a man; similar to the English “Mr” or “sir”

From this reading “"My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.”

Spain noun US /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading “What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.”

Spaniard noun US /ˈspænjərd/

a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading “A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

absoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

assuredlyadverbUS /əˈʃʊrədli/

without a doubt

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

astonishes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

attiring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

beynounUS /beɪ/

(formerly) a title of respect for a man in Turkey or Egypt

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

Boldero

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

cabinnounUS /ˈkæbən/

small room on a ship or boat where people sleep

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

dyingadjectiveUS /ˈdaɪɪŋ/

in or associated with the process of passing from life or ceasing to be

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

EnglishmennounUS /ˌeŋˈlɪʃmən/

plural of “englishman” — a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

Geoffrey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

helmnounUS /helm/

steering mechanism for a vessel; a mechanical device by which a vessel is steered

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

herselfpronounUS /hərˈself/

used when the woman or girl doing the action is also its object

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

inestimableadjective

beyond calculation or measure

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

longingnounUS /ˈlɔːŋɪŋ/

prolonged unfulfilled desire or need

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

MERCHANTnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

renderedverbUS /ˈrendərd/

past form of “render” — cause to become

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

sailsnounUS /seɪlz/

plural of “sail” — a large piece of fabric (usually canvas fabric) by means of which wind is used to propel a sailing vessel

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

senornounUS /ˌsiːˈnjɔːr/

a Spanish title or form of address for a man; similar to the English “Mr” or “sir”

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

servicesnounUS /ˈsɜːrvəsəz/

performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

ShepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

slavenounUS /sleɪv/

a person who is owned by someone

From this reading But for you I should now be dying or dead, my daughter a slave for life in the palace of the bey.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

SpaniardnounUS /ˈspænjərd/

a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

SPANISHnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

StephennounUS /ˈstiːvən/

English writer (1832-1904)

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

strangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

thankverbUS /θæŋk/

express gratitude or show appreciation to

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "My daughter is attiring herself, senor," he said to Stephen Boldero, for Geoffrey was at the time at the helm.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading A SPANISH MERCHANT As soon as the sails had been set, and the vessel was under way, the Spaniard came out from the cabin.

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading What astonishes us both is that such noble service should have been rendered to us by two absolute strangers, and not strangers only, but by Englishmen--a people with whom Spain is at war--and who assuredly can have no reason to love us.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "She is longing to see you, and to thank you for the inestimable services you have rendered to us both.

Chapter 16 of By England's Aid by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 149 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of By England's Aid contain?

Chapter 16 holds 149 sentences of By England's Aid, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of By England's Aid by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 149 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of By England's Aid?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #6953, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 403 minutes of reading across 968 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in By England's Aid

Words and structures a reader meets early in By England's Aid, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Minutes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By England's Aid; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Master
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Lirriper
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Alongside
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