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By Far Euphrates
By Far Euphrates

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of By Far Euphrates is here in full — 223 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for By Far Euphrates
Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."
--_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.
Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.
In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.
So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

By Far Euphrates

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of By Far Euphrates is here in full — 223 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."
/ə nuː laɪf əˈmʌŋ nuː men streɪndʒ ˈfeɪsəz ˈʌðər maɪndz/
Line 2
--_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.
Line 3
Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.
/dɪm ˈʃædoʊz keɪm ənd went laɪk rɪˈflekʃənz ɪn ə ˈmɪrər ˈhævɪŋ noʊ ˌkɑːntəˈnuːəti ənd ˈliːvɪŋ noʊ ˌɪmˈpreʃən/
Line 4
In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.
/ɪn ə ˈpæsɪŋ weɪ æz ə dʌm ˈkriːtʃər maɪt hiː felt ˈbɜːrnɪŋ hiːt ənd ˈfriːzɪŋ koʊld peɪn ənd ˈwɪrinəs ənd ˈneɪm.ləs ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl dɪˈstres/
Line 5
So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

continuity noun US /ˌkɑːntəˈnuːəti/

uninterrupted connection or union

From this reading “Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.”

dumb adjective US /dʌm/

slow to learn or understand; lacking intellectual acuity

From this reading “In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.”

freezing noun US /ˈfriːzɪŋ/

the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid

From this reading “In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.”

indescribable adjective US /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

defying expression or description

From this reading “In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.”

nameless adjective US /ˈneɪm.ləs/

Having no name, or having a name that is kept secret or unknown.

From this reading “In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.”

reflections noun US /rɪˈflekʃənz/

plural of “reflection” — a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading “Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.”

Tennyson noun US /ˈtenɪsən/

Englishman and Victorian poet (1809-1892)

weariness noun US /ˈwɪrinəs/

temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work

From this reading “In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

dumb creature adjective + noun

In this reading “In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.”

burning heat noun + noun

In this reading “In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.”

Dim shadows adjective + noun counted as “dim shadow”

In this reading “Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.”

NEW LIFE adjective + noun

In this reading “A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."”

in a mirror preposition + article + noun counted as “in … mirror”

In this reading “Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading --_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

blankadjectiveUS /blæŋk/

(of a surface) not written or printed on

From this reading --_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.

burningnounUS /ˈbɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of burning something

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

continuitynounUS /ˌkɑːntəˈnuːəti/

uninterrupted connection or union

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

creaturenounUS /ˈkriːtʃər/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

dark-complexioned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

DimadjectiveUS /dɪm/

lacking in light; not bright or harsh

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

distressnounUS /dɪˈstres/

psychological suffering

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

drinkverbUS /drɪŋk/

take in liquids

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

dumbadjectiveUS /dʌm/

slow to learn or understand; lacking intellectual acuity

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading --_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.

formsnounUS /fɔːrmz/

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

freezingnounUS /ˈfriːzɪŋ/

the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

Grayson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading --_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

heatnounUS /hiːt/

a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

impressionnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

indescribableadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/

defying expression or description

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading --_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

LIFEnounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

mindsnounUS /maɪndz/

plural of “mind” — that which is responsible for one's thoughts, feelings, and conscious brain functions; the seat of the faculty of reason

From this reading A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."

mirrornounUS /ˈmɪrər/

polished surface that forms images by reflecting light

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

namelessadjectiveUS /ˈneɪm.ləs/

Having no name, or having a name that is kept secret or unknown.

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

NEWadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."

painnounUS /peɪn/

a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

reflectionsnounUS /rɪˈflekʃənz/

plural of “reflection” — a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

shadowsnounUS /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading A NEW LIFE "Among new men, strange faces, other minds."

TennysonnounUS /ˈtenɪsən/

Englishman and Victorian poet (1809-1892)

From this reading --_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading --_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading --_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

wearinessnounUS /ˈwɪrinəs/

temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work

From this reading In a passing way, as a dumb creature might, he felt burning heat and freezing cold, pain and weariness, and nameless, indescribable distress.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading Dim shadows came and went like reflections in a mirror, having no continuity and leaving no impression.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading So too he saw forms around him--kind, dark-complexioned people, who gave him things to drink, and spoke to him in words he could not understand.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading --_Tennyson._ After that, for young John Grayson, life was a blank.

Chapter 4 of By Far Euphrates by Deborah Alcock holds 223 sentences, grouped into 45 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of By Far Euphrates contain?

Chapter 4 holds 223 sentences of By Far Euphrates, unabridged, divided into 45 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of By Far Euphrates by Deborah Alcock exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 223 sentences, grouped into 45 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of By Far Euphrates?

Work through the 45 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 45 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading By Far Euphrates

Common questions about reading By Far Euphrates by Deborah Alcock on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of By Far Euphrates?

Yes. All 5040 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #49915 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of By Far Euphrates is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #49915, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does By Far Euphrates take to read?

About 420 minutes of reading across 1008 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read By Far Euphrates section by section

How to work through By Far Euphrates section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of By Far Euphrates to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in By Far Euphrates

Words and structures a reader meets early in By Far Euphrates, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Far Euphrates; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spanish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Far Euphrates; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brothers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Far Euphrates; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crushed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Far Euphrates; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.