Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
By Neva's waters
By Neva's waters

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of By Neva's waters is here in full — 237 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for By Neva's waters
Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.
He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.
His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.
The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.
The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

By Neva's waters

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of By Neva's waters is here in full — 237 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.
Line 2
He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.
/hiː wɑːz ə mæn kloʊs əˈpɑːn hɪz ˈsɪkstiɪθ jɪr wɪð ˈsɪlvər her ənd ə ˈdɪɡnəfaɪd ˈprezəns/
Line 3
His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.
Line 4
The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.
Line 5
The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ambassadors noun US /æmˈbæsədərz/

plural of “ambassador” — a diplomat of the highest rank; accredited as representative from one country to another

From this reading “The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.”

amiability noun US /ˌeɪmiəˈbɪləti/

a cheerful and agreeable mood

From this reading “His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.”

diplomatic adjective US /ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk/

relating to or characteristic of diplomacy

From this reading “His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.”

extinct adjective US /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/

no longer in existence; lost or especially having died out leaving no living representatives

From this reading “The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.”

Petersburg noun US /ˈpiːtərzbərɡ/

a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War

From this reading “The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.”

sixtieth noun US /ˈsɪkstiɪθ/

position 60 in a countable series of things

From this reading “He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.”

sneers noun US /snɪrz/

plural of “sneer” — a facial expression of contempt or scorn; the upper lip curls

From this reading “The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.”

subtlety noun US /ˈsʌtəlti/

a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude

From this reading “His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

polished manners adjective + noun

In this reading “His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.”

foreign courts adjective + noun counted as “foreign court”

In this reading “The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.”

double doors verb + noun counted as “double door”

two vertical doors that meet in the middle of the door frame when closed

In this reading “A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.”

silver hair noun + noun

In this reading “He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.”

suddenly opened adverb + adjective

In this reading “A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.”

by birth preposition + noun

In this reading “The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.”

new government adjective + noun

In this reading “The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.”

count among verb + particle

In this reading “The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.”

All words in this reading · 97

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

AmbassadornounUS /æmˈbæsədər/

a diplomat of the highest rank; accredited as representative from one country to another

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

ambassadorsnounUS /æmˈbæsədərz/

plural of “ambassador” — a diplomat of the highest rank; accredited as representative from one country to another

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

amiabilitynounUS /ˌeɪmiəˈbɪləti/

a cheerful and agreeable mood

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

appointmentnounUS /əˈpɔɪntmənt/

the act of putting a person into a non-elective position

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

CHARMINGadjectiveUS /ˈtʃɑːrmɪŋ/

pleasing or delighting

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

Citoyen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

countverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

courtsnounUS /kɔːrts/

plural of “court” — an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

dignifiedadjectiveUS /ˈdɪɡnəfaɪd/

having or expressing dignity; especially formality or stateliness in bearing or appearance

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

diplomaticadjectiveUS /ˌdɪpləˈmætɪk/

relating to or characteristic of diplomacy

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

entrance-hall

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

etiquettenounUS /ˈetəkət/

rules governing socially acceptable behavior

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

excitedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsaɪtəd/

(of persons) excessively affected by emotion

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

extinctadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/

no longer in existence; lost or especially having died out leaving no living representatives

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

foreignadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrən/

of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

Henrion

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

ignorancenounUS /ˈɪɡnərəns/

the lack of knowledge or education

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

lacknounUS /læk/

the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

laughternounUS /ˈlæftər/

the sound of laughing

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

mannersnounUS /ˈmænərz/

social deportment

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

MarquisnounUS /ˌmɑːrˈkiː/

humorist who wrote about the imaginary life of cockroaches (1878-1937)

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

mildnessnoun

good weather with comfortable temperatures

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

parvenuadjective

characteristic of someone who has risen economically or socially but lacks the social skills appropriate for this new position

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

PaulineadjectiveUS /pɔːˈliːn/

relating to Paul the Apostle or his doctrines

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

PetersburgnounUS /ˈpiːtərzbərɡ/

a town in southeastern Virginia (south of Richmond); scene of heavy fighting during the American Civil War

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

polishedadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃt/

perfected or made shiny and smooth

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

RepublicnounUS /riˈpʌblək/

a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

sixtiethnounUS /ˈsɪkstiɪθ/

position 60 in a countable series of things

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

sneersnounUS /snɪrz/

plural of “sneer” — a facial expression of contempt or scorn; the upper lip curls

From this reading The _parvenu_ ambassadors of the Republic had often, from lack of dignity and ignorance of etiquette, excited the sneers and laughter of foreign courts.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

subtletynounUS /ˈsʌtəlti/

a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading His countenance expressed mildness and amiability, rather than force of character or diplomatic subtlety; in truth, his appointment was due more to his polished manners than to anything else.

TÊTE-À-TÊTE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

Vaucluse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Marquis de Vaucluse was sent to St. Petersburg to show that the race of gentlemen was not extinct in France, and that the new government could count among its sons men distinguished both by birth and manners.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A CHARMING TÊTE-À-TÊTE As Pauline was about to leave the entrance-hall, the double doors leading from the street suddenly opened, and in walked her father, the Citoyen Henrion, Ambassador of the Republic.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading He was a man close upon his sixtieth year, with silver hair and a dignified presence.

Chapter 8 of By Neva's waters by John R. Carling holds 237 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of By Neva's waters contain?

Chapter 8 holds 237 sentences of By Neva's waters, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of By Neva's waters by John R. Carling exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 237 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of By Neva's waters?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 48 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading By Neva's waters

Common questions about reading By Neva's waters by John R. Carling on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of By Neva's waters?

Yes. All 6228 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #74736 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of By Neva's waters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #74736, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does By Neva's waters take to read?

About 519 minutes of reading across 1246 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read By Neva's waters section by section

How to work through By Neva's waters section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 33 chapters of By Neva's waters to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in By Neva's waters

Words and structures a reader meets early in By Neva's waters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Neva's waters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Episode
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Neva's waters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Secret
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Neva's waters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Neva's waters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.