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By Neva's waters
By Neva's waters

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of By Neva's waters is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
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THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.
As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.
When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.
The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.
Count,” the Emperor began, your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

By Neva's waters

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of By Neva's waters is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.
Line 2
As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.
/æz ðeɪ ədˈvænst wʌn baɪ wʌn ˌæləɡˈzændər wɪð ˈɡreɪʃəs er beɪd iːtʃ kənˈtɪnjuː ɪn ðə ˈeksərsaɪz ʌv hɪz ˈɔːfɪs/
Line 3
When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.
Line 4
The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.
Line 5
Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Czar noun US /zɑːr/

a male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917)

From this reading “THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.”

Czar's noun US /zɑːrz/

possessive form of “czar” — a male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917)

disapproval noun US /dɪsəˈpruːvəl/

a feeling of disliking something or what someone is doing

From this reading “The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.”

dismissal noun US /dɪˈsmɪsəl/

a judgment disposing of the matter without a trial

From this reading “When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.”

etiquette noun US /ˈetəkət/

rules governing socially acceptable behavior

From this reading ““Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.”

recognising verb US /ˈrekəɡnaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “recognise” — show approval or appreciation of

From this reading ““Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.”

revoke verb US /rɪˈvoʊk/

fail to follow suit when able and required to do so

From this reading ““Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.”

underwent verb US /ˌʌndərˈwent/

inflected form of “undergo” — pass through

From this reading “When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

in the middle preposition + article + noun counted as “in … middle”

In this reading ““Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.”

without loss preposition + noun

In this reading ““Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.”

at hand preposition + noun

close in space; within reach

In this reading “When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.”

All words in this reading · 92

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

AlexandernounUS /ˌæləɡˈzændər/

European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

AlliancenounUS /əˈlaɪəns/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

approachedverbUS /əˈproʊtʃt/

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

audiencenounUS /ˈɑːdiəns/

a gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

badenounUS /beɪd/

a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

balconynounUS /ˈbælkəni/

an upper floor projecting from the rear over the main floor in an auditorium

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

BARANOFF

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

boldlyadverbUS /ˈboʊldli/

with boldness, in a bold manner

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

continueverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuː/

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

contraryadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːntreri/

very opposed in nature or character or purpose

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

CzarnounUS /zɑːr/

a male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917)

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

Czar'snounUS /zɑːrz/

possessive form of “czar” — a male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917)

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

dignitynounUS /ˈdɪɡnəti/

the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

disapprovalnounUS /dɪsəˈpruːvəl/

a feeling of disliking something or what someone is doing

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

dismissalnounUS /dɪˈsmɪsəl/

a judgment disposing of the matter without a trial

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

etiquettenounUS /ˈetəkət/

rules governing socially acceptable behavior

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

Franco-Russian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

graciousadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪʃəs/

characterized by charm, good taste, and generosity of spirit

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

interruptionnounUS /ˌɪntərˈʌpʃən/

an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

mainlyadverbUS /ˈmeɪnli/

for the most part

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

ministersnounUS /ˈmɪnəstərz/

plural of “minister” — a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

pointnounUS /pɔɪnt/

a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

policynounUS /ˈpɑːləsi/

a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

pronouncedadjectiveUS /prəˈnaʊnst/

strongly marked; easily noticeable

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

receiveverbUS /rəˈsiːv/

get something; come into possession of

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

recognisedadjectiveUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzd/

provided with a secure reputation

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

recognisingverbUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “recognise” — show approval or appreciation of

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

remarknounUS /rɪˈmɑːrk/

a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

revokeverbUS /rɪˈvoʊk/

fail to follow suit when able and required to do so

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

sovereignadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːv.rən/

Possessing supreme or ultimate power; autonomous and commanding.

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

statelyadjectiveUS /ˈsteɪtli/

impressive in appearance

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

stopverbUS /stɑːp/

come to a halt, stop moving

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

TRIUMPHnounUS /ˈtraɪəmf/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

underwentverbUS /ˌʌndərˈwent/

inflected form of “undergo” — pass through

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

viewedverbUS /vjuːd/

past form of “view” — deem to be

From this reading The Franco-Russian Alliance had been mainly due to him, and it was no secret that Alexander had viewed it with disapproval.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When, however, Baranoff approached, the Czar’s countenance underwent a change, and the Count recognised that his dismissal was at hand.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As they advanced, one by one, Alexander with gracious air bade each continue in the exercise of his office.

withdrewverbUS /wɪθˈdruː/

inflected form of “withdraw” — pull back or move away or backward

From this reading THE TRIUMPH OF BARANOFF From the balcony the Czar withdrew to a stately hall to receive in audience his late father’s ministers.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “Count,” the Emperor began, “your policy in the past——” But at this point Baranoff, though it be contrary to all Court etiquette to stop a sovereign in the middle of a remark, boldly made interruption, recognising that if his dismissal were once pronounced Alexander could not, without loss of dignity, revoke it.

Chapter 13 of By Neva's waters by John R. Carling holds 159 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of By Neva's waters contain?

Chapter 13 holds 159 sentences of By Neva's waters, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of By Neva's waters by John R. Carling exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 159 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of By Neva's waters?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading By Neva's waters

Common questions about reading By Neva's waters by John R. Carling on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of By Neva's waters?

Yes. All 6228 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #74736 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of By Neva's waters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #74736, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does By Neva's waters take to read?

About 519 minutes of reading across 1246 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in By Neva's waters

Words and structures a reader meets early in By Neva's waters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Neva's waters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Episode
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Neva's waters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Secret
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Neva's waters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
History
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Neva's waters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.