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By Right of Conquest
By Right of Conquest

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of By Right of Conquest is here in full — 348 sentences across 70 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/69 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.
It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.
Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.
This they did, until they reached the first canal.
The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

By Right of Conquest

Chapter XXI · Chapter 21

Chapter 21 of By Right of Conquest is here in full — 348 sentences across 70 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/69 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.
/ðə striːt wɪtʃ ðə ˈspænjərdz ˈentərd ˈæftər ˈliːvɪŋ ðə ˈkɑːzweɪ ˌɪntərˈsektɪd ðə ˈsɪti frʌm nɔːrθ tuː saʊθ/
Line 2
It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.
/ɪt wɑːz brɔːd ənd ˈpɜːrfəktli streɪt ənd frʌm ðə ruːfs ʌv ðə ˈhaʊsəz wɪtʃ laɪnd ɪt ə stɔːrm ʌv ˈmɪsəlz wɑːz pɔːrd ɑːn ðə ˈspænjərdz æz ðeɪ ədˈvænst/
Line 3
Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.
/kɔːrˈtez set ðə ˈælaɪz tuː wɜːrk tuː ˈlevəl ðə ˈhaʊsəz æz fæst æz ðə ˈspænjərdz wʌn ðer weɪ əˈlɔːŋ ðə striːt/
Line 4
This they did, until they reached the first canal.
/ðɪs ðeɪ dɪd ənˈtɪl ðeɪ riːtʃt ðə fɜːrst kəˈnæl/
Line 5
The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.
/ðə brɪdʒ hiːr hæd bɪn ˈbroʊkən daʊn ənd ˈæftər ðə ˈɪndiənz hæd krɔːst ðə ˈtempəreri plæŋks wɜːr pʊld ˈæftər ðem ənd ðeɪ dʒɔɪnd ðer ˈkʌntrimɪn bɪˈhaɪnd ə ˈsɑːləd ˈræmpɑːrt ʌv stoʊn ɪˈrektəd ɑːn ðə ˈʌðər saɪd ʌv ðə kəˈnæl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

allies noun US /ˈælaɪz/

the alliance of nations that fought the Axis in World War II and which (with subsequent additions) signed the charter of the United Nations in 1945

From this reading “Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.”

causeway verb US /ˈkɑːzweɪ/

provide with a causeway

From this reading “The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.”

Cortez noun US /kɔːrˈtez/

Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)

From this reading “Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.”

erected verb US /ɪˈrektəd/

past form of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading “The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.”

intersected verb US /ˌɪntərˈsektɪd/

past form of “intersect” — meet at a point

From this reading “The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.”

missiles noun US /ˈmɪsəlz/

plural of “missile” — a rocket carrying a warhead of conventional or nuclear explosives; may be ballistic or directed by remote control

From this reading “It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.”

planks noun US /plæŋks/

plural of “plank” — a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes

From this reading “The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.”

rampart noun US /ˈræmpɑːrt/

an embankment built around a space for defensive purposes

From this reading “The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

alliesnounUS /ˈælaɪz/

the alliance of nations that fought the Axis in World War II and which (with subsequent additions) signed the charter of the United Nations in 1945

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

bridgenounUS /brɪdʒ/

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

canalnounUS /kəˈnæl/

(astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading This they did, until they reached the first canal.

causewayverbUS /ˈkɑːzweɪ/

provide with a causeway

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

CorteznounUS /kɔːrˈtez/

Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico (1485-1547)

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

countrymennounUS /ˈkʌntrimɪn/

plural of “countryman” — a man from your own country

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading This they did, until they reached the first canal.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

erectedverbUS /ɪˈrektəd/

past form of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading This they did, until they reached the first canal.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

intersectedverbUS /ˌɪntərˈsektɪd/

past form of “intersect” — meet at a point

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

joinedadjectiveUS /dʒɔɪnd/

of or relating to two people who are married to each other

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

linedadjectiveUS /laɪnd/

bordered by a line of things

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

missilesnounUS /ˈmɪsəlz/

plural of “missile” — a rocket carrying a warhead of conventional or nuclear explosives; may be ballistic or directed by remote control

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

perfectlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrfəktli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

planksnounUS /plæŋks/

plural of “plank” — a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

pouredverbUS /pɔːrd/

past form of “pour” — cause to run

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

pulledverbUS /pʊld/

past form of “pull” — cause to move by pulling

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

rampartnounUS /ˈræmpɑːrt/

an embankment built around a space for defensive purposes

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading This they did, until they reached the first canal.

roofsnounUS /ruːfs/

plural of “roof” — a protective covering that covers or forms the top of a building

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

solidadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləd/

characterized by good substantial quality

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

southnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

SpaniardsnounUS /ˈspænjərdz/

plural of “spaniard” — a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

straightadjectiveUS /streɪt/

successive (without a break)

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

streetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

temporaryadjectiveUS /ˈtempəreri/

not permanent; not lasting

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This they did, until they reached the first canal.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading This they did, until they reached the first canal.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was broad and perfectly straight and, from the roofs of the houses which lined it, a storm of missiles was poured on the Spaniards, as they advanced.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The bridge here had been broken down, and after the Indians had crossed, the temporary planks were pulled after them, and they joined their countrymen behind a solid rampart of stone, erected on the other side of the canal.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The street which the Spaniards entered, after leaving the causeway, intersected the city from north to south.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Cortez set the allies to work to level the houses, as fast as the Spaniards won their way along the street.

Chapter 21 of By Right of Conquest by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 348 sentences, grouped into 70 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 21 of By Right of Conquest contain?

Chapter 21 holds 348 sentences of By Right of Conquest, unabridged, divided into 70 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 21 of By Right of Conquest by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 348 sentences, grouped into 70 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 21 of By Right of Conquest?

Work through the 70 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 70 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 21 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 21 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading By Right of Conquest

Common questions about reading By Right of Conquest by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of By Right of Conquest?

Yes. All 6370 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19398 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of By Right of Conquest is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19398, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does By Right of Conquest take to read?

About 530 minutes of reading across 1274 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in By Right of Conquest

Words and structures a reader meets early in By Right of Conquest, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

March
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Right of Conquest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trading
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Right of Conquest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Vessel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Right of Conquest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dropped
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By Right of Conquest; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.