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By What Authority?
By What Authority?

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of By What Authority? is here in full — 253 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.
The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.
His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.
The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.
Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

By What Authority?

Chapter XIII · Chapter 13

Chapter 13 of By What Authority? is here in full — 253 sentences across 51 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/50 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.
Line 2
The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.
Line 3
His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.
/hɪz rɪˈlɪdʒəs ziːl ənd dɪˈskreʃən wɜːr ˈfɜːrðər ˌɪnˈkriːst baɪ ðə ˈsiː.krət rɪˈtɜːrn tuː ðə oʊld rɪˈlɪdʒən ʌv ˈsevrəl ʌv hɪz ˈvɪlɪdʒərz ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə ˈpɪriəd ənd ə ˈveri fer ˌkɑːŋɡrəˈɡeɪʃən əˈtendɪd mæs soʊ ˈɔːfən æz ɪt wɑːz sed ɪn ðə ˈklɔɪstər wɪŋ ʌv ðə hɔːl/
Line 4
The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.
/ðə nuː ˈrektər laɪk hɪz ˈpredəsesər wɑːz ˈkɑːntent tuː let ðə skwaɪr əˈloʊn ənd ənˈlaɪk hɪm hæd noʊ waɪf tuː meɪk ˈtrʌbəl/
Line 5
Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

catastrophes noun US /kəˈtæstrəfiz/

plural of “catastrophe” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading “Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.”

cloister verb US /ˈklɔɪstər/

surround with a cloister, as of a garden

From this reading “His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.”

Keynes noun US /keɪnz/

English economist who advocated the use of government monetary and fiscal policy to maintain full employment without inflation (1883-1946)

From this reading “SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.”

ostentation noun US /ˌɔːstenˈteɪʃən/

a gaudy outward display

From this reading “The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.”

predecessor noun US /ˈpredəsesər/

one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)

From this reading “The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.”

rector noun US /ˈrektər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading “The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.”

Stewart noun US /ˈstuːərt/

United States film actor who portrayed incorruptible but modest heros (1908-1997)

From this reading “The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.”

villagers noun US /ˈvɪlɪdʒərz/

plural of “villager” — one who has lived in a village most of their life

From this reading “His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.”

All words in this reading · 112

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

77

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

agentnounUS /ˈeɪdʒənt/

an active and efficient cause; capable of producing a certain effect

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

catastrophesnounUS /kəˈtæstrəfiz/

plural of “catastrophe” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

CatholicadjectiveUS /ˈkæθlɪk/

of or relating to or supporting Catholicism

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

cautionnounUS /ˈkɑːʃən/

the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

cloisterverbUS /ˈklɔɪstər/

surround with a cloister, as of a garden

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

congregationnounUS /ˌkɑːŋɡrəˈɡeɪʃən/

a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

contentnounUS /ˈkɑːntent/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

death-trap

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

departurenounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtʃər/

the act of departing

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

discretionnounUS /dɪˈskreʃən/

freedom to act or judge on one's own

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

especiallyadverbUS /əˈspeʃli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

HallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

headedadjectiveUS /ˈhedəd/

having a heading or course in a certain direction

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

Hubert

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

Hubert's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

impatientadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃənt/

restless or short-tempered under delay or opposition

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

KeynesnounUS /keɪnz/

English economist who advocated the use of government monetary and fiscal policy to maintain full employment without inflation (1883-1946)

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

knightnounUS /naɪt/

originally a person of noble birth trained to arms and chivalry; today in Great Britain a person honored by the sovereign for personal merit

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

LESSONSnounUS /ˈlesənz/

plural of “lesson” — a unit of instruction

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

MassnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

NEWadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

NicholasnounUS /ˈnɪkələs/

a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century)

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

ostentationnounUS /ˌɔːstenˈteɪʃən/

a gaudy outward display

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

plansnounUS /plænz/

plural of “plan” — a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

predecessornounUS /ˈpredəsesər/

one who precedes you in time (as in holding a position or office)

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

profoundlyadverbUS /proʊˈfaʊndli/

to a great depth psychologically or emotionally

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

receivingverbUS /rəˈsiːvɪŋ/

-ing form of “receive” — get something; come into possession of

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

rectornounUS /ˈrektər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

ReligionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

religiousadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

shockedadjectiveUS /ʃɑːkt/

struck with fear, dread, or consternation

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

SOMEadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

squirenounUS /skwaɪr/

young nobleman attendant on a knight

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

StewartnounUS /ˈstuːərt/

United States film actor who portrayed incorruptible but modest heros (1908-1997)

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

succouring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

uneventfullyadverb

in an uneventful manner

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

unexpectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/

not expected or anticipated

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

unlikeadjectiveUS /ənˈlaɪk/

marked by dissimilarity

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

villagersnounUS /ˈvɪlɪdʒərz/

plural of “villager” — one who has lived in a village most of their life

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

waitingnounUS /ˈweɪtɪŋ/

the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)

From this reading Then, suddenly, in the summer of '77, catastrophes began, headed by the unexpected return of Hubert, impatient of waiting, and with new plans in his mind.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading The new rector, like his predecessor, was content to let the squire alone; and unlike him had no wife to make trouble.

wingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The old knight had been profoundly shocked that any Catholic, especially an agent so valuable as Mr. Stewart, should have found his house a death-trap; and although he continued receiving his friends and succouring them, he did so with more real caution and less ostentation of it.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading SOME NEW LESSONS The six years that followed Sir Nicholas' return and Hubert's departure for the North had passed uneventfully at Great Keynes.

zealnounUS /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading His religious zeal and discretion were further increased by the secret return to the "Old Religion" of several of his villagers during the period; and a very fair congregation attended Mass so often as it was said in the cloister wing of the Hall.

Chapter 13 of By What Authority? by Robert Hugh Benson holds 253 sentences, grouped into 51 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of By What Authority? contain?

Chapter 13 holds 253 sentences of By What Authority?, unabridged, divided into 51 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of By What Authority? by Robert Hugh Benson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 253 sentences, grouped into 51 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of By What Authority??

Work through the 51 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 51 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading By What Authority?

Common questions about reading By What Authority? by Robert Hugh Benson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of By What Authority??

Yes. All 8425 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19697 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of By What Authority? is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19697, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does By What Authority? take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1685 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read By What Authority? section by section

How to work through By What Authority? section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in By What Authority?

Words and structures a reader meets early in By What Authority?, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Anthony
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By What Authority?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Norris
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By What Authority?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fourteen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By What Authority?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
King's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of By What Authority?; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.