Chapter I · Chapter 1

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Golden Antioch lay like a jewel at a mountain's throat.

(used of syllables) bearing the principle stress, usually accompanied by a change in pitch

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

a town in southern Turkey; ancient commercial center and capital of Syria; an early center of Christianity

From this reading Golden Antioch lay like a jewel at a mountain's throat.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

a privileged class holding hereditary titles

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

belonging to or characteristic of the nobility or aristocracy

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Golden Antioch lay like a jewel at a mountain's throat.

the act of being present (at a meeting or event etc.)

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

for the reason that

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

produce or yield flowers

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

plural of “chariot” — a light four-wheel horse-drawn ceremonial carriage

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

A fortress protecting a city, metaphorically representing the invincible inner sanctuary of the rational mind.

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

clothing in general

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

cause to herd, drive, or crowd together

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

treated with dislike or contempt

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

made different (especially in the course of development) or shown to be different

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

past form of “display” — to show, make visible or apparent

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

unrestrained by convention or morality

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

plural of “earthquake” — shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane or from volcanic activity

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

apart from; not including

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

being or in accordance with current social fashions

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

many times at short intervals

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

plural of “garden” — a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading Golden Antioch lay like a jewel at a mountain's throat.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

plural of “group” — any number of entities (members) considered as a unit

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

the vertical dimension of extension; distance from the base of something to the top

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

discontinued temporarily

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

crossed or intersected in the form of an X

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry

From this reading Golden Antioch lay like a jewel at a mountain's throat.

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Golden Antioch lay like a jewel at a mountain's throat.

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Golden Antioch lay like a jewel at a mountain's throat.

a fabric woven with fibers from the flax plant

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

plural of “litter” — the offspring at one birth of a multiparous mammal

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

held dear

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

most important element

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

possessive form of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Golden Antioch lay like a jewel at a mountain's throat.

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

not one thing; not anything

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

To move from a closed position.

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

wealth as evidenced by sumptuous living

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

plural of “owner” — (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

suggesting or suitable for a picture; pretty as a picture

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

in a tumultuous and riotous manner

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

in an aggressive manner

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

use up a period of time in a specific way

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

past form of “swarm” — be teeming, be abuzz

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

plural of “thoroughfare” — a public road from one place to another

From this reading The crowd on the main thoroughfares was aristocratic; opulence was accented by groups of slaves in close attendance on their owners; but the aristocracy was sharply differentiated.

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

The passage at the back of the mouth.

From this reading Golden Antioch lay like a jewel at a mountain's throat.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

a Caucasian

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

which person or people

From this reading The Romans, frequently less wealthy (because those who had made money went to Rome to spend it)-- frequently less educated and, in general, not less dissolute--despised the Antiochenes, although the Romans loved Antioch.

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The gay Antiochenes, whom nothing except frequent earthquakes interrupted from pursuit of pleasure, were taking the air in chariots, in litters, and on foot; their linen clothes were as riotously picturesque as was the fruit displayed in open shop-fronts under the colonnades, or as the blossom on the trees in public gardens, which made of the city, as seen from the height of the citadel, a mosaic of green and white.

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.

in the company of; together with

From this reading Wide, intersecting streets, each nearly four miles long, granite-paved, and marble-colonnaded, swarmed with fashionable loiterers.