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Cakes & Ale
Cakes & Ale

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Cakes & Ale is here in full — 92 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."
Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.
For a "warm welcome" commend me to Bonnie Scotland.
Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.
Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cakes & Ale

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Cakes & Ale is here in full — 92 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."
Line 2
Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.
Line 3
For a "warm welcome" commend me to Bonnie Scotland.
/fɔːr ə wɔːrm ˈwelkəm kəˈmend miː tuː ˈbɑːni ˈskɑːtlənd/
Line 4
Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.
Line 5
Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bungalow noun US /ˈbʌŋɡəloʊ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading “Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.”

commend verb US /kəˈmend/

express approval of

From this reading “For a "warm welcome" commend me to Bonnie Scotland.”

Don's noun US /dɑːnz/

possessive form of “don” — a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading “Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.”

Highlands noun US /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading “BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."”

leeks noun US /liːks/

plural of “leek” — plant having a large slender white bulb and flat overlapping dark green leaves; used in cooking; believed derived from the wild Allium ampeloprasum

From this reading “BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."”

Lowlands noun US /ˈloʊlændz/

the southern part of Scotland that is not mountainous

From this reading “Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.”

philanthropic adjective US /ˌfɪlənˈθrɑːpɪk/

generous in assistance to the poor

From this reading “Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.”

sirs noun US /sɜːrrz/

plural of “sir” — term of address for a man

From this reading “Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

absencenounUS /ˈæbsəns/

the state of being absent

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

BonnieadjectiveUS /ˈbɑːni/

very pleasing to the eye

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

brawadjective

brightly colored and showy

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

BREAKFASTverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

breeks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

bungalownounUS /ˈbʌŋɡəloʊ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

Caledonians

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

callants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

Chota

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

commendverbUS /kəˈmend/

express approval of

From this reading For a "warm welcome" commend me to Bonnie Scotland.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

conveence

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

creamnounUS /kriːm/

the best people or things in a group

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

deeficult

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

degreenounUS /dɪˈɡriː/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

dishesnounUS /ˈdɪʃəz/

plural of “dish” — a piece of dishware normally used as a container for holding or serving food

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

Don'snounUS /dɑːnz/

possessive form of “don” — a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

Dâk

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

EastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

farenounUS /fer/

an agenda of things to do

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

Fin'an

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For a "warm welcome" commend me to Bonnie Scotland.

Français

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

fu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

gaun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

ginnounUS /dʒɪn/

strong liquor flavored with juniper berries

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

gorgeousadjectiveUS /ˈɡɔːrdʒəs/

dazzlingly beautiful

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

guid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

haddies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

hae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

hazri

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

Hech

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

HighlandsnounUS /ˈhaɪləndz/

a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

kennounUS /ken/

range of what one can know or understand

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

knifenounUS /naɪf/

edge tool used as a cutting instrument; has a pointed blade with a sharp edge and a handle

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

lanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

lang-leggit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

learningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/

the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

leeksnounUS /liːks/

plural of “leek” — plant having a large slender white bulb and flat overlapping dark green leaves; used in cooking; believed derived from the wild Allium ampeloprasum

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

LowlandsnounUS /ˈloʊlændz/

the southern part of Scotland that is not mountainous

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading For a "warm welcome" commend me to Bonnie Scotland.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

noughtnoun

a mathematical element that when added to another number yields the same number

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

onounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

oceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

owre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

Parritch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

philanthropicadjectiveUS /ˌfɪlənˈθrɑːpɪk/

generous in assistance to the poor

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

quaintadjectiveUS /kweɪnt/

strange in an interesting or pleasing way

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

refreshmentnounUS /rəˈfreʃmənt/

snacks and drinks served as a light meal

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

ruggedadjectiveUS /ˈrʌɡəd/

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

sae

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

ScotlandnounUS /ˈskɑːtlənd/

one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

searchverbUS /sɜːrtʃ/

try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

sirsnounUS /sɜːrrz/

plural of “sir” — term of address for a man

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

spokenounUS /spoʊk/

support consisting of a radial member of a wheel joining the hub to the rim

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

syboes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

tenderadjectiveUS /ˈtendər/

given to sympathy or gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

There's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

tisnounUS /tɪz/

plural of “ti” — a light strong grey lustrous corrosion-resistant metallic element used in strong lightweight alloys (as for airplane parts); the main sources are rutile and ilmenite

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading For a "warm welcome" commend me to Bonnie Scotland.

trapese

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

tutorverbUS /ˈtuːtər/

be a tutor to someone; give individual instruction

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

wantingadjectiveUS /ˈwɑːntɪŋ/

nonexistent

From this reading BREAKFAST (_continued_) "There's nought in the Highlands but syboes and leeks, And lang-leggit callants gaun wanting the breeks."

warmadjectiveUS /wɔːrm/

having or producing a comfortable and agreeable degree of heat or imparting or maintaining heat

From this reading For a "warm welcome" commend me to Bonnie Scotland.

wavenounUS /weɪv/

one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

welcomeverbUS /ˈwelkəm/

accept gladly

From this reading For a "warm welcome" commend me to Bonnie Scotland.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

yepronounUS /jiː/

an old word for “you”, speaking to more than one person

From this reading Though hard of head and "sae fu' o' learning" that they are "owre deeficult to conveence, ye ken," these rugged Caledonians be tender of heart, and philanthropic to a degree.

ye'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Hech, sirs! but 'tis the braw time ye'll hae, gin ye trapese the Highlands, an' the Lowlands as well for the matter o' that--in search o' guid refreshment for body an' soul.

À

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bonnie Scotland--Parritch an' cream--Fin'an haddies--A knife on the ocean wave--_À la Français_--In the gorgeous East--_Chota hazri_--English as she is spoke--Dâk bungalow fare--Some quaint dishes--Breakfast with "my tutor"--A Don's absence of mind.

Chapter 4 of Cakes & Ale by Edward Spencer holds 92 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Cakes & Ale contain?

Chapter 4 holds 92 sentences of Cakes & Ale, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Cakes & Ale by Edward Spencer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 92 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Cakes & Ale?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cakes & Ale

Common questions about reading Cakes & Ale by Edward Spencer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cakes & Ale?

Yes. All 2819 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43278 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cakes & Ale is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43278, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cakes & Ale take to read?

About 234 minutes of reading across 564 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cakes & Ale section by section

How to work through Cakes & Ale section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Cakes & Ale to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cakes & Ale

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cakes & Ale, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cakes & Ale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cakes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cakes & Ale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crown
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cakes & Ale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cloth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cakes & Ale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.