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Caleb Williams
Caleb Williams

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Caleb Williams is here in full — 113 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
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From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.
All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.
Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.
I being myself the most unfortunate of their victims.
The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Caleb Williams

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Caleb Williams is here in full — 113 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.
/frʌm ðə ˈmoʊmənt hiː ˈentərd əˈpɑːn ðə ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən ʌv ðɪs ˈpɜːrpəs dɪkˈteɪtɪd æz ɪt ˈprɑːbəbliː wɑːz baɪ æn ˌʌnəˈfektɪd ˈprɪnsəpəl ʌv ˈduːti hɪz mɪˈsfɔːrtʃənz tʊk ðer kəˈmensmənt/
Line 2
All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.
/ɔːl aɪ hæv ˈfɜːrðər tuː steɪt ʌv hɪz ˈhɪstəri ɪz ðə ˌʌnɪntərˈʌptɪd ˌpɜːrsəˈkjuːʃən ʌv ə məˈlɪɡnənt ˈdestəni ə ˈsɪriz ʌv ædˈventʃərz ðæt siːmd tuː teɪk ðer raɪz ɪn ˈveriəs ˈæksədənts bʌt ˈpɔɪntɪŋ tuː wʌn tərməˈneɪʃən/
Line 3
Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.
Line 4
I being myself the most unfortunate of their victims.
/aɪ ˈbiːɪŋ ˌmaɪˈself ðə moʊst ənˈfɔːrtʃənət ʌv ðer ˈvɪktəmz/
Line 5
The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

calamities noun US /kəˈlæmətiz/

plural of “calamity” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading “The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.”

dictated adjective US /dɪkˈteɪtɪd/

determined or decided upon as by an authority

From this reading “From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.”

originated verb US /ərˈɪdʒəneɪtəd/

past form of “originate” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading “The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.”

persecution noun US /ˌpɜːrsəˈkjuːʃən/

the act of persecuting (especially on the basis of race or religion)

From this reading “All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.”

termination noun US /tərməˈneɪʃən/

a coming to an end of a contract period

From this reading “All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.”

unaffected adjective US /ˌʌnəˈfektɪd/

undergoing no change when acted upon

From this reading “From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.”

uninterrupted adjective US /ˌʌnɪntərˈʌptɪd/

having undisturbed continuity

From this reading “All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.”

venom noun US /ˈvenəm/

toxin secreted by animals; secreted by certain snakes and poisonous insects (e.g., spiders and scorpions)

From this reading “Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

accidentsnounUS /ˈæksədənts/

plural of “accident” — an unfortunate mishap; especially one causing damage or injury

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

adventuresnounUS /ædˈventʃərz/

plural of “adventure” — a wild and exciting undertaking (not necessarily lawful)

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

anguishnounUS /ˈæŋɡwɪʃ/

extreme mental distress

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

Barnabas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading I being myself the most unfortunate of their victims.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

bitternessnounUS /ˈbɪtərnəs/

a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

calamitiesnounUS /kəˈlæmətiz/

plural of “calamity” — an event resulting in great loss and misfortune

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

commencementnounUS /kəˈmensmənt/

the time at which something is supposed to begin

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

deadlyadjectiveUS /ˈdedli/

causing or capable of causing death

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

destinynounUS /ˈdestəni/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

dictatedadjectiveUS /dɪkˈteɪtɪd/

determined or decided upon as by an authority

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

equalverbUS /ˈiːkwəl/

be identical or equivalent to

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

executionnounUS /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

extendingverbUS /ɪkˈstendɪŋ/

-ing form of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

Falkland's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

HimpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

malignantadjectiveUS /məˈlɪɡnənt/

dangerous to health; characterized by progressive and uncontrolled growth (especially of a tumor)

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

misfortunesnounUS /mɪˈsfɔːrtʃənz/

plural of “misfortune” — unnecessary and unforeseen trouble resulting from an unfortunate event

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading I being myself the most unfortunate of their victims.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading I being myself the most unfortunate of their victims.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

nearestadverbUS /ˈnɪrəst/

(superlative of “near” or “close”) within the shortest distance

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

neighbournounUS /ˈneɪbər/

a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

originatedverbUS /ərˈɪdʒəneɪtəd/

past form of “originate” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

overwhelmedverbUS /ˌoʊvərˈwelmd/

past form of “overwhelm” — overcome, as with emotions or perceptual stimuli

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

persecutionnounUS /ˌpɜːrsəˈkjuːʃən/

the act of persecuting (especially on the basis of race or religion)

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

pointingverbUS /ˈpɔɪntɪŋ/

-ing form of “point” — indicate a place, direction, person, or thing; either spatially or figuratively

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

pouredverbUS /pɔːrd/

past form of “pour” — cause to run

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

principlenounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

qualifiedadjectiveUS /ˈkwɑːləfaɪd/

meeting the proper standards and requirements and training for an office or position or task

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

seriesnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

terminationnounUS /tərməˈneɪʃən/

a coming to an end of a contract period

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

Tyrrel

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

unaffectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnəˈfektɪd/

undergoing no change when acted upon

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading I being myself the most unfortunate of their victims.

uninterruptedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪntərˈʌptɪd/

having undisturbed continuity

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading All I have further to state of his history is the uninterrupted persecution of a malignant destiny, a series of adventures that seemed to take their rise in various accidents, but pointing to one termination.

venomnounUS /ˈvenəm/

toxin secreted by animals; secreted by certain snakes and poisonous insects (e.g., spiders and scorpions)

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

victimsnounUS /ˈvɪktəmz/

plural of “victim” — an unfortunate person who suffers from some adverse circumstance

From this reading I being myself the most unfortunate of their victims.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading From the moment he entered upon the execution of this purpose, dictated as it probably was by an unaffected principle of duty, his misfortunes took their commencement.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The person in whom these calamities originated was Mr. Falkland's nearest neighbour, a man of estate equal to his own, by name Barnabas Tyrrel.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Him they overwhelmed with an anguish he was of all others least qualified to bear; and these waters of bitterness, extending beyond him, poured their deadly venom upon others.

Chapter 3 of Caleb Williams by William Godwin holds 113 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Caleb Williams contain?

Chapter 3 holds 113 sentences of Caleb Williams, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Caleb Williams by William Godwin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 113 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Caleb Williams?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Caleb Williams

Common questions about reading Caleb Williams by William Godwin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Caleb Williams?

Yes. All 6614 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11323 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Caleb Williams is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11323, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Caleb Williams take to read?

About 551 minutes of reading across 1323 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Caleb Williams section by section

How to work through Caleb Williams section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Caleb Williams to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Caleb Williams

Words and structures a reader meets early in Caleb Williams, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Several
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caleb Williams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caleb Williams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Theatre
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caleb Williams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Calamity
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caleb Williams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.