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Caleb Williams
Caleb Williams

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Caleb Williams is here in full — 154 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/30 · 5 lines
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In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.
This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.
He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.
He debarred himself every kind of amusement and relaxation.
He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Caleb Williams

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of Caleb Williams is here in full — 154 sentences across 31 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/30 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.
Line 2
This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.
Line 3
He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.
/hiː hæd ˈbroʊkən ɔːf æz aɪ hæv ɔːlˈredi sed ɔːl ˈɪntərkɔːrs ʌv ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ wɪð hɪz ˈneɪbərz/
Line 4
He debarred himself every kind of amusement and relaxation.
Line 5
He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.
/hiː ʃrʌŋk frʌm ðə səˈsaɪəti ʌv hɪz ˈfeloʊz ənd θɔːt hiː kʊd ˈnevər biː səˈfɪʃəntli ˈberid ɪn əbsˈkjʊrəti ənd ˈsɑːlətuːd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adverse adjective US /ædˈvɜːrs/

contrary to your interests or welfare

From this reading “This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.”

disclosure noun US /dɪˈskloʊʒər/

the speech act of making something evident

From this reading “In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.”

Forester noun US /ˈfɔːrəstər/

English writer of adventure novels featuring Captain Horatio Hornblower (1899-1966)

From this reading “In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.”

inclinations noun US /ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “inclination” — an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others

From this reading “This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.”

obscurity noun US /əbsˈkjʊrəti/

the quality of being unclear or abstruse and hard to understand

From this reading “He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.”

relaxation noun US /ˌriːlækˈseɪʃən/

(physiology) the gradual lengthening of inactive muscle or muscle fibers

From this reading “He debarred himself every kind of amusement and relaxation.”

reside verb US /rɪˈzaɪd/

make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading “In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.”

shrunk verb US /ʃrʌŋk/

inflected form of “shrink” — wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading “He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

adverseadjectiveUS /ædˈvɜːrs/

contrary to your interests or welfare

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

amusementnounUS /əˈmjuːzmənt/

a feeling of delight at being entertained

From this reading He debarred himself every kind of amusement and relaxation.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

buriedadjectiveUS /ˈberid/

placed in a grave

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

debarred

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He debarred himself every kind of amusement and relaxation.

disclosurenounUS /dɪˈskloʊʒər/

the speech act of making something evident

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

eldernounUS /ˈeldər/

a person who is older than you are

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading He debarred himself every kind of amusement and relaxation.

Falkland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

fellowsnounUS /ˈfeloʊz/

plural of “fellow” — a boy or man

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

ForesternounUS /ˈfɔːrəstər/

English writer of adventure novels featuring Captain Horatio Hornblower (1899-1966)

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

habitsnounUS /ˈhæbəts/

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He debarred himself every kind of amusement and relaxation.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

inclinationsnounUS /ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “inclination” — an attitude of mind especially one that favors one alternative over others

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

intercoursenounUS /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading He debarred himself every kind of amusement and relaxation.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

mother'snounUS /ˈmʌðərz/

possessive form of “mother” — a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

neighboursnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbour” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

obscuritynounUS /əbsˈkjʊrəti/

the quality of being unclear or abstruse and hard to understand

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

patron's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

peculiarlyadverbUS /pɪˈkjuːljərli/

uniquely or characteristically

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

periodnounUS /ˈpɪriəd/

an amount of time

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

relaxationnounUS /ˌriːlækˈseɪʃən/

(physiology) the gradual lengthening of inactive muscle or muscle fibers

From this reading He debarred himself every kind of amusement and relaxation.

resideverbUS /rɪˈzaɪd/

make one's home in a particular place or community

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

shrunkverbUS /ʃrʌŋk/

inflected form of “shrink” — wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

societynounUS /səˈsaɪəti/

an extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

solitudenounUS /ˈsɑːlətuːd/

a state of social isolation

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He shrunk from the society of his fellows, and thought he could never be sufficiently buried in obscurity and solitude.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In no long time after the disclosure Mr. Falkland had made, Mr. Forester, his elder brother by the mother's side, came to reside for a short period in our family.

visitingnounUS /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

the activity of making visits

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This was a circumstance peculiarly adverse to my patron's habits and inclinations.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He had broken off, as I have already said, all intercourse of visiting with his neighbours.

Chapter 19 of Caleb Williams by William Godwin holds 154 sentences, grouped into 31 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Caleb Williams contain?

Chapter 19 holds 154 sentences of Caleb Williams, unabridged, divided into 31 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Caleb Williams by William Godwin exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 154 sentences, grouped into 31 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of Caleb Williams?

Work through the 31 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 31 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Caleb Williams

Common questions about reading Caleb Williams by William Godwin on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Caleb Williams?

Yes. All 6614 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11323 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Caleb Williams is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11323, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Caleb Williams take to read?

About 551 minutes of reading across 1323 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Caleb Williams section by section

How to work through Caleb Williams section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Caleb Williams to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Caleb Williams

Words and structures a reader meets early in Caleb Williams, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Several
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caleb Williams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Years
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caleb Williams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Theatre
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caleb Williams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Calamity
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caleb Williams; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.