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California Sketches, New Series
California Sketches, New Series

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of California Sketches, New Series is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for California Sketches, New Series
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.
Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.
Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.
He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:
"Mr. President, I am surprised and mortified.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

California Sketches, New Series

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of California Sketches, New Series is here in full — 417 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.
/hɪz ɡʊd ˈneɪtʃər wɑːz ˈtestɪd wʌns waɪl prɪˈzaɪdɪŋ ˈoʊvər ə ˈpɑːrti kənˈvenʃən æt səˈnɔːrə fɔːr ðə ˌnɑːməˈneɪʃən ʌv ˈkændədeɪts fɔːr ˈledʒəsleɪtɪv ənd ˈkaʊnti ˈɔːfəsəz/
Line 2
Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.
Line 3
Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.
Line 4
He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:
/hiː roʊz tuː hɪz fiːt wɪð ə ˈklaʊdɪd feɪs ənd ɪn æn ˈæŋɡri vɔɪs sed/
Line 5
"Mr. President, I am surprised and mortified.
/ˈmɪstər ˈprezədent aɪ æm sərˈpraɪzd ənd ˈmɔːrtəfaɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

candidates noun US /ˈkændədeɪts/

plural of “candidate” — a politician who is running for public office

From this reading “His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.”

delegates noun US /ˈdeləɡeɪts/

plural of “delegate” — a person appointed or elected to represent others

From this reading “Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.”

legislative adjective US /ˈledʒəsleɪtɪv/

relating to a legislature or composed of members of a legislature

From this reading “His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.”

nomination noun US /ˌnɑːməˈneɪʃən/

the act of officially naming a candidate

From this reading “His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.”

presiding verb US /prɪˈzaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “preside” — act as president

From this reading “His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.”

shrewdness noun US /ˈʃruːdnəs/

intelligence manifested by being astute (as in business dealings)

From this reading “Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.”

Sonora noun US /səˈnɔːrə/

ground snakes

From this reading “His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.”

tested adjective US /ˈtestɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading “His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading "Mr. President, I am surprised and mortified.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

angryadjectiveUS /ˈæŋɡri/

feeling or showing anger

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

candidatenounUS /ˈkændədeɪt/

a politician who is running for public office

From this reading Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.

candidatesnounUS /ˈkændədeɪts/

plural of “candidate” — a politician who is running for public office

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

cloudedadjectiveUS /ˈklaʊdɪd/

made troubled or apprehensive or distressed in appearance

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

compoundnounUS /ˈkɑːmpaʊnd/

a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

conventionnounUS /kənˈvenʃən/

a large formal assembly

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

countynounUS /ˈkaʊnti/

(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

delegatesnounUS /ˈdeləɡeɪts/

plural of “delegate” — a person appointed or elected to represent others

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

eccentricadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsentrɪk/

conspicuously or grossly unconventional or unusual

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

flightinessnoun

the trait of acting unpredictably and more from whim or caprice than from reason or judgment

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Mr. President, I am surprised and mortified.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

learningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/

the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

legislativeadjectiveUS /ˈledʒəsleɪtɪv/

relating to a legislature or composed of members of a legislature

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

LegislaturenounUS /ˈledʒəsleɪtʃər/

persons who make or amend or repeal laws

From this reading Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

mortifiedadjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrtəfaɪd/

suffering from tissue death

From this reading "Mr. President, I am surprised and mortified.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading "Mr. President, I am surprised and mortified.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

nominationnounUS /ˌnɑːməˈneɪʃən/

the act of officially naming a candidate

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

officesnounUS /ˈɔːfəsəz/

plural of “office” — place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.

out-of-the-wayadjective

exceptional, unusual, or remarkable

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

philosophynounUS /fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi/

The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence. (Triết học, đạo lý nhân sinh.)

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

PresidentnounUS /ˈprezədent/

an executive officer of a firm or corporation

From this reading "Mr. President, I am surprised and mortified.

presidingverbUS /prɪˈzaɪdɪŋ/

-ing form of “preside” — act as president

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

proposedverbUS /prəˈpoʊzd/

past form of “propose” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

scrapsnounUS /skræps/

food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

shrewdnessnounUS /ˈʃruːdnəs/

intelligence manifested by being astute (as in business dealings)

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

SomeadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.

SonoranounUS /səˈnɔːrə/

ground snakes

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

storedverbUS /stɔːrd/

past form of “store” — keep or lay aside for future use

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

surprisedadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzd/

taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment

From this reading "Mr. President, I am surprised and mortified.

testedadjectiveUS /ˈtestɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

Vallew

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

Vallew's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Some one proposed Vallew's name as a candidate for the Legislature.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading He rose to his feet with a clouded face, and in an angry voice said:

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading His good nature was tested once while presiding over a party convention at Sonora for the nomination of candidates for legislative and county offices.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Among the delegates was the eccentric John Vallew, whose mind was a singular compound of shrewdness and flightiness, and was stored with the most out-of-the-way scraps of learning, philosophy, and poetry.

Chapter 4 of California Sketches, New Series by O. P. (Oscar Penn) Fitzgerald holds 417 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of California Sketches, New Series contain?

Chapter 4 holds 417 sentences of California Sketches, New Series, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of California Sketches, New Series by O. P. (Oscar Penn) Fitzgerald exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 417 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of California Sketches, New Series?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading California Sketches, New Series

Common questions about reading California Sketches, New Series by O. P. (Oscar Penn) Fitzgerald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of California Sketches, New Series?

Yes. All 3254 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12564 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of California Sketches, New Series is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12564, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does California Sketches, New Series take to read?

About 271 minutes of reading across 651 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read California Sketches, New Series section by section

How to work through California Sketches, New Series section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of California Sketches, New Series to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in California Sketches, New Series

Words and structures a reader meets early in California Sketches, New Series, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of California Sketches, New Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of California Sketches, New Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bishop
A word that appears in the opening chapter of California Sketches, New Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
George
A word that appears in the opening chapter of California Sketches, New Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.