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Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens
Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/38 · 5 lines
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A COUNCIL.
The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.
The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.
They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.
In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens is here in full — 193 sentences across 39 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/38 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A COUNCIL.
/ə ˈkaʊnsəl/
Line 2
The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.
Line 3
The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.
/ðə fækt wɑːz ðæt boʊθ hiː ənd hɪz ˈdɔːtər hæd ˈsɪmpəl teɪsts/
Line 4
They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.
/ðeɪ hæd ə ˈspeʃəl dɪˈslaɪk tuː ðə ɪˈnɔːrməs eˈstæblɪʃmənts ʌv sleɪvz wɪtʃ ɪt wɑːz ðə ˈfæʃən fɔːr rɪtʃ əˈθiːniənz ˈweðər ʌv ˈneɪtɪv ɔːr ʌv ˈfɔːrən bɜːrθ tuː meɪnˈteɪn/
Line 5
In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

apartments noun US /əˈpɑːrtmənts/

plural of “apartment” — a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading “In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.”

Athenians noun US /əˈθiːniənz/

plural of “athenian” — a resident of Athens

From this reading “They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.”

division noun US /dɪˈvɪʒən/

an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading “In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.”

establishments noun US /eˈstæblɪʃmənts/

plural of “establishment” — the act of forming or establishing something

From this reading “They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.”

inmates noun US /ˈɪnmeɪts/

plural of “inmate” — one of several resident of a dwelling (especially someone confined to a prison or hospital)

From this reading “In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.”

maintain verb US /meɪnˈteɪn/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading “They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.”

respectively adverb US /rɪˈspektɪvli/

in the order given

From this reading “In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.”

tastes noun US /teɪsts/

plural of “taste” — the sensation that results when taste buds in the tongue and throat convey information about the chemical composition of a soluble stimulus

From this reading “The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

smaller scale adjective + noun

In this reading “The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.”

vast wealth adjective + noun

In this reading “The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.”

proper sense adjective + noun

In this reading “In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

12

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A COUNCIL.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.

apartmentsnounUS /əˈpɑːrtmənts/

plural of “apartment” — a suite of rooms usually on one floor of an apartment house

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

AtheniansnounUS /əˈθiːniənz/

plural of “athenian” — a resident of Athens

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

belongingnounUS /bɪˈlɔːŋɪŋ/

happiness felt in a secure relationship

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

birthnounUS /bɜːrθ/

the time when something begins (especially life)

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

COUNCILnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a body serving in an administrative capacity

From this reading A COUNCIL.

daughternounUS /ˈdɔːtər/

a female human offspring

From this reading The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.

dislikenounUS /dɪˈslaɪk/

an inclination to withhold approval from some person or group

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

dividedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvaɪdɪd/

separated into parts or pieces

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

divisionnounUS /dɪˈvɪʒən/

an army unit large enough to sustain combat

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

establishmentsnounUS /eˈstæblɪʃmənts/

plural of “establishment” — the act of forming or establishing something

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

foreignadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrən/

of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.

Hippocles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

inmatesnounUS /ˈɪnmeɪts/

plural of “inmate” — one of several resident of a dwelling (especially someone confined to a prison or hospital)

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

maintainverbUS /meɪnˈteɪn/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

mistressnounUS /ˈmɪstrəs/

an adulterous woman; a woman who has an ongoing extramarital sexual relationship with a man

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

respectivelyadverbUS /rɪˈspektɪvli/

in the order given

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

scalenounUS /skeɪl/

an ordered reference standard

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.

slavesnounUS /sleɪvz/

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

smalleradjectiveUS /ˈsmɔːlər/

small or little relative to something else

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

suitableadjectiveUS /ˈsuːtəbəl/

meant or adapted for an occasion or use

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

tastesnounUS /teɪsts/

plural of “taste” — the sensation that results when taste buds in the tongue and throat convey information about the chemical composition of a soluble stimulus

From this reading The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The fact was that both he and his daughter had simple tastes.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading The house of Hippocles was on a smaller scale than might have seemed suitable to his vast wealth.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They had a special dislike to the enormous establishments of slaves which it was the fashion for rich Athenians, whether of native or of foreign birth, to maintain.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading In each division of the house--for, it was divided after the usual Greek fashion, into two “apartments,” to use that word in its proper sense, belonging respectively to the men and the women[12]--there were but three or four inmates besides the master and mistress.

Chapter 4 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens by Alfred John Church holds 193 sentences, grouped into 39 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens contain?

Chapter 4 holds 193 sentences of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens, unabridged, divided into 39 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens by Alfred John Church exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 193 sentences, grouped into 39 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens?

Work through the 39 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 39 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #41471, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 439 minutes of reading across 1055 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens

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Errors
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