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Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens
Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens is here in full — 137 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens
Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
RESCUED.
The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.
As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.
That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.
The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens is here in full — 137 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
RESCUED.
/ˈreskjuːd/
Line 2
The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.
Line 3
As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.
/æz ə ˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk əˈθiːniən hiː felt ˌoʊvərˈwelmd boʊθ wɪð ʃeɪm ənd wɪð dɪˈsper/
Line 4
That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.
Line 5
The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.
/ðə end mʌst biː nɪr fɔːr ðə ɡɑːdz mʌst hæv ˈsmɪtən hɜːr wɪð ðə ˈmædnəs wɪtʃ ðeɪ send əˈpɑːn ðoʊz huːm ðeɪ ɑːr dɪˈtɜːrmənd tuː dɪˈstrɔɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Athenian noun US /əˈθiːniən/

a resident of Athens

From this reading “As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.”

deprive verb US /dɪˈpraɪv/

take away possessions from someone

From this reading “That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.”

generals noun US /ˈdʒenərəlz/

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading “The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.”

overwhelmed verb US /ˌoʊvərˈwelmd/

past form of “overwhelm” — overcome, as with emotions or perceptual stimuli

From this reading “As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.”

patriotic adjective US /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk/

inspired by love for your country

From this reading “As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.”

rescued adjective US /ˈreskjuːd/

delivered from danger

From this reading “RESCUED.”

severity noun US /sɪˈverɪti/

used of the degree of something undesirable e.g. pain or weather

From this reading “The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.”

smitten adjective US /ˈsmɪtən/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading “The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

with shame preposition + noun

In this reading “As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

allowverbUS /əˈlaʊ/

make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

AtheniannounUS /əˈθiːniən/

a resident of Athens

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

Callias

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

capableadjectiveUS /ˈkeɪpəbəl/

(usually followed by “of”) having capacity or ability

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

depriveverbUS /dɪˈpraɪv/

take away possessions from someone

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

despairnounUS /dɪˈsper/

a state in which all hope is lost or absent

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

destroyverbUS /dɪˈstrɔɪ/

do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

executionnounUS /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

follynounUS /ˈfɑːli/

the trait of acting stupidly or rashly

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

generalsnounUS /ˈdʒenərəlz/

plural of “general” — a general officer of the highest rank

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

godsnounUS /ɡɑːdz/

plural of “god” — the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

ingratitudenoun

a lack of gratitude

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

leadverbUS /led/

take somebody somewhere

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

madnessnounUS /ˈmædnəs/

obsolete terms for legal insanity

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

overwhelmedverbUS /ˌoʊvərˈwelmd/

past form of “overwhelm” — overcome, as with emotions or perceptual stimuli

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

patrioticadjectiveUS /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk/

inspired by love for your country

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

privateadjectiveUS /ˈpraɪvət/

confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

prostrated

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

RESCUEDadjectiveUS /ˈreskjuːd/

delivered from danger

From this reading RESCUED.

revengenounUS /riˈvendʒ/

action taken in return for an injury or offense

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

sendverbUS /send/

cause to go somewhere

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

severitynounUS /sɪˈverɪti/

used of the degree of something undesirable e.g. pain or weather

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

shamenounUS /ʃeɪm/

a painful emotion resulting from an awareness of inadequacy or guilt

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

smittenadjectiveUS /ˈsmɪtən/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

victorynounUS /ˈvɪktəri/

a successful ending of a struggle or contest

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The execution of the generals was a blow of such severity that Callias was absolutely prostrated by it.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading That his country should be capable of such ingratitude and folly, should allow private revenge or party spite to deprive her of the generals who could lead her troops to victory made it impossible to hope.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The end must be near, for the gods must have smitten her with the madness which they send upon those whom they are determined to destroy.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As a patriotic Athenian he felt overwhelmed both with shame and with despair.

Chapter 11 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens by Alfred John Church holds 137 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens contain?

Chapter 11 holds 137 sentences of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens by Alfred John Church exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 137 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 5273 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #41471 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #41471, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 439 minutes of reading across 1055 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens

Words and structures a reader meets early in Callias: A Tale of the Fall of Athens, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

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Obvious
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Errors
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