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Calvert of Strathore
Calvert of Strathore

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Calvert of Strathore is here in full — 264 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/52 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.
For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.
Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.
Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.
But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Calvert of Strathore

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Calvert of Strathore is here in full — 264 sentences across 53 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/52 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.
/ðə læs wɪð ðə ˈdeləkət er ɪt wɑːz tuː ðæt ənˈhæpi lænd ʌv fræns ðæt ˈmɪstər ˈdʒefərsən hæd kʌm ˈɔːlmoʊst faɪv jɪrz bɪˈfɔːr ɑːn ə ˈmɪʃən fɔːr ˈkɑːŋɡrəs/
Line 2
For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.
/fɔːr sʌm taɪm ɪt hæd bɪn ðə moʊst ˈtʃerɪʃt dɪˈzaɪn ʌv ðæt ˈbɑːdi ʌv ˈpeɪtriəts tuː ɪˈstæblɪʃ ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs kəˈmɜːrʃəl ˈtriːtiz wɪð ðə ˌjʊrəˈpiːən ˈpaʊərz ˈðerˈbaɪ sɪˈkjʊrɪŋ tuː əˈmerəkə nɑːt ˈoʊnli məˈtɪriəl prɑːˈsperəti bʌt mɔːr ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt stɪl ˈfɔːrsɪŋ ˈaʊər ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən æz ə ˈsepəreɪt ənd ˌɪndɪˈpendənt ˈpaʊər ənd kriˈeɪtɪŋ fɔːr ðə nuː kənˌfedərˈeɪʃən ʌv steɪts ə pleɪs əˈmʌŋ ðə ˈbrʌðərhʊd ʌv ˈneɪʃənz/
Line 3
Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.
Line 4
Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.
Line 5
But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

astuteness noun US /əˈstuːtnəs/

intelligence manifested by being astute (as in business dealings)

From this reading “Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.”

co-workers noun US /ˈkoʊˈwɜːrkərz/

plural of “co-worker” — an associate that one works with

From this reading “Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.”

confederation noun US /kənˌfedərˈeɪʃən/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading “For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.”

erudition noun US /ˌerəˈdɪʃən/

profound scholarly knowledge

From this reading “Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.”

Jefferson's noun US /ˈdʒefərsənz/

possessive form of “jefferson” — 3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading “Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.”

negotiation noun US /nɪˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/

a discussion intended to produce an agreement

From this reading “Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.”

probity noun US /ˈproʊbəti/

complete and confirmed integrity; having strong moral principles

From this reading “Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.”

treaties noun US /ˈtriːtiz/

plural of “treaty” — a written agreement between two states or sovereigns

From this reading “For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.”

All words in this reading · 119

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1784

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

7th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

AdamsnounUS /ˈædəmz/

American Revolutionary leader and patriot; an organizer of the Boston Tea Party and signer of the Declaration of Independence (1722-1803)

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

advantageousadjectiveUS /ˌædvənˈteɪdʒəs/

giving an advantage

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

AIRnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

appointedadjectiveUS /əˈpɔɪntɪd/

subject to appointment

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

astutenessnounUS /əˈstuːtnəs/

intelligence manifested by being astute (as in business dealings)

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

attachverbUS /əˈtætʃ/

cause to be attached

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

awaitingverbUS /əˈweɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “await” — look forward to the probable occurrence of

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

brotherhoodnounUS /ˈbrʌðərhʊd/

the kinship relation between a male offspring and the siblings

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

cherishedadjectiveUS /ˈtʃerɪʃt/

characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

co-workersnounUS /ˈkoʊˈwɜːrkərz/

plural of “co-worker” — an associate that one works with

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

commercialadjectiveUS /kəˈmɜːrʃəl/

connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

confederationnounUS /kənˌfedərˈeɪʃən/

the state of being allied or confederated

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

ConfidentadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnfədənt/

having or marked by confidence or assurance

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

CongressnounUS /ˈkɑːŋɡrəs/

the legislature of the United States government

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

creatingverbUS /kriˈeɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

DELICATEadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

designnounUS /dɪˈzaɪn/

the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan)

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

Dr

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

eagerlyadverbUS /ˈiːɡərli/

with eagerness; in an eager manner

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

eruditionnounUS /ˌerəˈdɪʃən/

profound scholarly knowledge

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

establishverbUS /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

set up or found

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

EuropeannounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

exileverbUS /ˈeɡzaɪl/

expel from a country

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

forcingverbUS /ˈfɔːrsɪŋ/

-ing form of “force” — to cause to do through pressure or necessity, by physical, moral or intellectual means

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

foreignadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrən/

of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

FranklinnounUS /ˈfræŋklɪn/

United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915)

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

impressionnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

independentadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/

free from external control and constraint

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

JeffersonnounUS /ˈdʒefərsən/

3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

Jefferson'snounUS /ˈdʒefərsənz/

possessive form of “jefferson” — 3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it (1743-1826)

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

LASSnounUS /læs/

a girl or young woman who is unmarried

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

LouisnounUS /ˈluːɪs/

United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion for 12 years (1914-1981)

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

materialadjectiveUS /məˈtɪriəl/

concerned with worldly rather than spiritual interests

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

MinisternounUS /ˈmɪnəstər/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

missionnounUS /ˈmɪʃən/

an organization of missionaries in a foreign land sent to carry on religious work

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

Monticello

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

nationsnounUS /ˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

negotiationnounUS /nɪˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/

a discussion intended to produce an agreement

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

patrioticadjectiveUS /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːtɪk/

inspired by love for your country

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

patriotsnounUS /ˈpeɪtriəts/

plural of “patriot” — one who loves and defends his or her country

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

Plenipotentiarynoun

a diplomat who is fully authorized to represent his or her government

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

powerfuladjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərfəl/

having great power or force or potency or effect

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

probitynounUS /ˈproʊbəti/

complete and confirmed integrity; having strong moral principles

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

prosperitynounUS /prɑːˈsperəti/

an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

recognitionnounUS /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/

the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

representverbUS /ˌreprɪˈzent/

take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

securingverbUS /sɪˈkjʊrɪŋ/

-ing form of “secure” — get by special effort

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

separateverbUS /ˈsepəreɪt/

act as a barrier between; stand between

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

statesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

therebyadverbUS /ˈðerˈbaɪ/

by that means or because of that

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

treatiesnounUS /ˈtriːtiz/

plural of “treaty” — a written agreement between two states or sovereigns

From this reading For some time it had been the most cherished design of that body of patriots to establish advantageous commercial treaties with the European powers, thereby securing to America not only material prosperity, but, more important still, forcing our recognition as a separate and independent power, and creating for the new confederation of states a place among the brotherhood of nations.

unhappyadjectiveUS /ənˈhæpi/

experiencing or marked by or causing sadness or sorrow or discontent

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Dr. Franklin and Mr. Adams, his co-workers, were already eagerly awaiting him in Paris.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Confident that Mr. Jefferson's astuteness, erudition, and probity would make a powerful impression upon those whom it was so much to our interest to attach to us, Congress had, on the 7th day of May, 1784, appointed him Minister Plenipotentiary for the negotiation of foreign commercial treaties.

XVInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of fifteen and one

From this reading But, great as was Mr. Jefferson's patriotic interest in the cause he was to represent at the court of Louis XVI., his exile from Monticello was very painful to him.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading "THE LASS WITH THE DELICATE AIR" It was to that unhappy land of France that Mr. Jefferson had come almost five years before on a mission for Congress.

Chapter 2 of Calvert of Strathore by Abbe Carter Goodloe holds 264 sentences, grouped into 53 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Calvert of Strathore contain?

Chapter 2 holds 264 sentences of Calvert of Strathore, unabridged, divided into 53 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Calvert of Strathore by Abbe Carter Goodloe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 264 sentences, grouped into 53 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Calvert of Strathore?

Work through the 53 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 53 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 3701 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11690 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #11690, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 308 minutes of reading across 741 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Calvert of Strathore

Words and structures a reader meets early in Calvert of Strathore, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

France
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Calvert of Strathore; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Calvert of Strathore; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Change
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Calvert of Strathore; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fever
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Calvert of Strathore; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.