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Camp-Fire and Wigwam
Camp-Fire and Wigwam

Chapter XXIII

Cover illustration for Camp-Fire and Wigwam
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IN THE LODGE OF OGALLAH.
From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.
They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.
They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.
They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Camp-Fire and Wigwam

Chapter XXIII

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN THE LODGE OF OGALLAH.
Line 2
From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.
Line 3
They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.
Line 4
They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.
Line 5
They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.”

Beyond preposition US /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading “They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.”

During preposition US /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading “They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.”

First noun US /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.”

Great noun US /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.”

Has auxiliary verb US /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.”

Long noun US /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.”

Name noun US /name/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.”

Themselves pronoun US /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading “They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.”

Told noun US /told/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.

Algonquin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

allies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

Bay

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

belonged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

besieged

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

bitter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

Carleton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

concerning

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

country

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

Deerfoot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

Detroit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

division

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

driven

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

enemies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.

English

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

Europeans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

famous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

firstnounUS /first/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

fought

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

greatnounUS /great/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

held

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN THE LODGE OF OGALLAH.

inhabited

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

Iroquois

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

Jack

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

known

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

knows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

Lake

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

LODGE

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE LODGE OF OGALLAH.

longnounUS /long/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

Michigan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

namenounUS /name/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

nature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.

near

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN THE LODGE OF OGALLAH.

often

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

OGALLAH

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE LODGE OF OGALLAH.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

Pontiac

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

powerful

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

prisoner

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

reader

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

restless

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.

Revolution

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

River

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

Sacs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

Saginaw

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

Sauks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

side

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

Sioux

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

spelled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN THE LODGE OF OGALLAH.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

toldnounUS /told/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

tribe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

war-chief

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.

warlike

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They themselves were of a restless and warlike nature and were the bitter enemies of the Sioux and Iroquois.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading They belonged to the great Algonquin division, and, when first known to Europeans, inhabited the country near Detroit River and Saginaw Bay, but were driven beyond Lake Michigan by the powerful Iroquois.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading From what has been told concerning Deerfoot, the reader knows that the tribe which held Jack Carleton prisoner were Sauks, or Sacs, as the name is often spelled.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading They were the allies of the famous war-chief Pontiac who besieged Detroit so long, and, during the Revolution fought on the side of the English.