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Camping on the St. Lawrence
Camping on the St. Lawrence

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Camping on the St. Lawrence is here in full — 19 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Camping on the St. Lawrence
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The oe-ligature is represented by [oe].
On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.
CAMPING ON THE ST.
LAWRENCE.
Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Camping on the St. Lawrence

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Camping on the St. Lawrence is here in full — 19 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The oe-ligature is represented by [oe].
Line 2
On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.
Line 3
CAMPING ON THE ST.
Line 4
LAWRENCE.
/ˈlɔːrəns/
Line 5
Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Aids noun US /eɪdz/

a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles

From this reading “On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.”

Braves noun US /breɪvz/

plural of “brave” — a North American Indian warrior

From this reading “On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.”

Cushing noun US /ˈkʊʃɪŋ/

United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)

From this reading “Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.”

Discoverers noun US /dɪˈskʌvərərz/

plural of “discoverer” — someone who is the first to think of or make something

From this reading “On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.”

Guarding verb US /ˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “guard” — to keep watch over

From this reading “On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.”

Hickory noun US /ˈhɪkəri/

valuable tough heavy hardwood from various hickory trees

From this reading “On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.”

Washington's noun US /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtənz/

possessive form of “washington” — the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading “On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.”

Weston noun US /ˈwestən/

United States photographer(1886-1958)

From this reading “On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

On the Trail preposition + article + noun counted as “on … trail”

In this reading “On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.”

All words in this reading · 41

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AidsnounUS /eɪdz/

a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

AuthornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

Berwick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

BordernounUS /ˈbɔːrdər/

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

BoysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

BravesnounUS /breɪvz/

plural of “brave” — a North American Indian warrior

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The oe-ligature is represented by [oe].

CAMPINGnounUS /ˈkæmpɪŋ/

the act of encamping and living in tents in a camp

From this reading CAMPING ON THE ST.

ConounUS /koʊ/

an odorless very poisonous gas that is a product of incomplete combustion of carbon

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

CushingnounUS /ˈkʊʃɪŋ/

United States neurologist noted for his study of the brain and pituitary gland and who identified Cushing's syndrome (1869-1939)

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

DiscoverersnounUS /dɪˈskʌvərərz/

plural of “discoverer” — someone who is the first to think of or make something

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

etc

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

GuardingverbUS /ˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “guard” — to keep watch over

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

HickorynounUS /ˈhɪkəri/

valuable tough heavy hardwood from various hickory trees

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

HillnounUS /hɪl/

a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The oe-ligature is represented by [oe].

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

LAWRENCEnounUS /ˈlɔːrəns/

Roman martyr; supposedly Lawrence was ordered by the police to give up the church's treasure and when he responded by presenting the poor people of Rome he was roasted to death on a gridiron (died in 258)

From this reading LAWRENCE.

MassnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

Monmouth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

Norwood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

oe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The oe-ligature is represented by [oe].

oe-ligature

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The oe-ligature is represented by [oe].

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

representedadjectiveUS /ˌreprɪˈzentɪd/

represented accurately or precisely

From this reading The oe-ligature is represented by [oe].

SnounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

SmithnounUS /smɪθ/

Rhodesian statesman who declared independence of Zimbabwe from Great Britain (born in 1919)

From this reading Norwood Press J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith Norwood Mass.

ST

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CAMPING ON THE ST.

Tecumseh's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The oe-ligature is represented by [oe].

TrailnounUS /treɪl/

a track or mark left by something that has passed

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

WardnounUS /wɔːrd/

a person who is under the protection or in the custody of another

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

Washington'snounUS /ˈwɑːʃɪŋtənz/

possessive form of “washington” — the capital of the United States in the District of Columbia and a tourist mecca; George Washington commissioned Charles L'Enfant to lay out the city in 1791

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

WestonnounUS /ˈwestən/

United States photographer(1886-1958)

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

YoungadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading On the Trail of the Early Discoverers Author of "The Boys with Old Hickory," "Tecumseh's Young Braves," "Guarding the Border," "The Boys of Old Monmouth," "Washington's Young Aids," "Ward Hill at Weston," etc., etc.

Chapter 1 of Camping on the St. Lawrence by Everett T. (Everett Titsworth) Tomlinson holds 19 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Camping on the St. Lawrence contain?

Chapter 1 holds 19 sentences of Camping on the St. Lawrence, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Camping on the St. Lawrence by Everett T. (Everett Titsworth) Tomlinson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 19 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Camping on the St. Lawrence?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Camping on the St. Lawrence

Common questions about reading Camping on the St. Lawrence by Everett T. (Everett Titsworth) Tomlinson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Camping on the St. Lawrence?

Yes. All 4472 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42623 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Camping on the St. Lawrence is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42623, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Camping on the St. Lawrence take to read?

About 372 minutes of reading across 895 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Camping on the St. Lawrence section by section

How to work through Camping on the St. Lawrence section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 33 chapters of Camping on the St. Lawrence to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Camping on the St. Lawrence

Words and structures a reader meets early in Camping on the St. Lawrence, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Oe-ligature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Camping on the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represented
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Camping on the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Trail
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Camping on the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Early
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Camping on the St. Lawrence; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.