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Canadian Crusoes
Canadian Crusoes

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Canadian Crusoes is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;
Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”
_Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.
This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of Cold Springs.”
At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Canadian Crusoes

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Canadian Crusoes is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;
Line 2
Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”
Line 3
_Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.
Line 4
This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation ofCold Springs.”
/ðɪs ˈbjuːtəfəl ənd ˈhaɪli ˈpɪktʃərəsk ˈvæli ɪz ˈwɔːtərd baɪ ˈmeni klɪr striːmz ʌv pjʊr rɪˈfreʃɪŋ ˈwɔːtər frʌm wens ðə spɑːt hæz dərˈaɪvd ɪts əˈproʊpriət ˌæpəˈleɪʃən ʌv koʊld sprɪŋz/
Line 5
At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alluvial adjective US /ˌæˈluːviəl/

of or relating to alluvium

From this reading “_Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.”

bottoms noun US /ˈbɑːtəmz/

plural of “bottom” — the lower side of anything

From this reading “_Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.”

commences verb US /kəˈmensəz/

third-person singular of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading “At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.”

hemlock noun US /ˈhemlɑːk/

poisonous drug derived from an Eurasian plant of the genus Conium

From this reading “_Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.”

Jacobite noun US /ˈdʒækəbaɪt/

a supporter of James II after he was overthrown or a supporter of the Stuarts

occupiers noun US /ˈɑːkjəpaɪərz/

plural of “occupier” — someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there

From this reading “At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.”

Ontario noun US /ɑːnˈterioʊ/

the smallest of the Great Lakes

From this reading “_Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.”

streamers noun US /ˈstriːmərz/

plural of “streamer” — light that streams

From this reading ““The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;”

All words in this reading · 134

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

alluvialadjectiveUS /ˌæˈluːviəl/

of or relating to alluvium

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

appellationnounUS /ˌæpəˈleɪʃən/

identifying word or words by which someone or something is called and classified or distinguished from others

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

appertained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

appropriateverbUS /əˈproʊpriət/

give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

beechnounUS /biːtʃ/

any of several large deciduous trees with rounded spreading crowns and smooth grey bark and small sweet edible triangular nuts enclosed in burs; north temperate regions

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

bottomsnounUS /ˈbɑːtəmz/

plural of “bottom” — the lower side of anything

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

brightadjectiveUS /braɪt/

emitting or reflecting light readily or in large amounts

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

CanadanounUS /ˈkænədə/

a nation in northern North America; the French were the first Europeans to settle in mainland Canada

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

chieflyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːfli/

for the most part

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

clothedadjectiveUS /kloʊðd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

ColdadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

commencesverbUS /kəˈmensəz/

third-person singular of “commence” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

cultivatedadjectiveUS /ˈkʌltəveɪtɪd/

(of land or fields) prepared for raising crops by plowing or fertilizing

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

dazzlingadjectiveUS /ˈdæzəlɪŋ/

amazingly impressive; suggestive of the flashing of lightning

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

derivedadjectiveUS /dərˈaɪvd/

formed or developed from something else; not original

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

dweltverbUS /dwelt/

inflected form of “dwell” — think moodily or anxiously about something

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

ExceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

farmsnounUS /fɑːrmz/

plural of “farm” — workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

fertileadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrtəl/

capable of reproducing

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

forestnounUS /ˈfɔːrəst/

the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

groundsnounUS /ɡraʊndz/

your basis for belief or disbelief; knowledge on which to base belief

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

grovesnounUS /ɡroʊvz/

United States general who served as military director of the atomic bomb project (1896-1970)

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

heightsnounUS /haɪts/

a high place

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

hemlocknounUS /ˈhemlɑːk/

poisonous drug derived from an Eurasian plant of the genus Conium

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

highlyadverbUS /ˈhaɪli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

huntingnounUS /ˈhʌntɪŋ/

the pursuit and killing or capture of wild animals regarded as a sport

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

JacobitenounUS /ˈdʒækəbaɪt/

a supporter of James II after he was overthrown or a supporter of the Stuarts

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

LakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

lash'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

loftyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːfti/

of high moral or intellectual value; elevated in nature or style

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

maplenounUS /ˈmeɪpəl/

wood of any of various maple trees; especially the hard close-grained wood of the sugar maple; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

O'eradverb

throughout a period of time

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

oaknounUS /oʊk/

the hard durable wood of any oak; used especially for furniture and flooring

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

occupiersnounUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪərz/

plural of “occupier” — someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

oceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

OntarionounUS /ɑːnˈterioʊ/

the smallest of the Great Lakes

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

openingnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

ownedadjectiveUS /oʊnd/

having an owner; often used in combination

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

paleadjectiveUS /peɪl/

very light colored; highly diluted with white

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

picturesqueadjectiveUS /ˈpɪktʃərəsk/

suggesting or suitable for a picture; pretty as a picture

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

pinenounUS /paɪn/

a coniferous tree

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

possessors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

refreshingadjectiveUS /rɪˈfreʃɪŋ/

imparting vitality and energy

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

RicenounUS /raɪs/

grains used as food either unpolished or more often polished

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

robenounUS /roʊb/

any loose flowing garment

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

shotnounUS /ʃɑːt/

the act of firing a projectile

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

SongnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

SpringsnounUS /sprɪŋz/

plural of “spring” — the season of growth

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

StilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

streamersnounUS /ˈstriːmərz/

plural of “streamer” — light that streams

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

streamsnounUS /striːmz/

plural of “stream” — a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

surroundedadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪd/

confined on all sides

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

THEREadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

timbernounUS /ˈtɪmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “The morning had shot her bright streamers on high, O’er Canada, opening all pale to the sky;

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

tribesnounUS /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

tutverbUS /tʌt/

utter “tsk,” “tut,” or “tut-tut,” as in disapproval

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

unbrokenadjectiveUS /ənˈbroʊkən/

marked by continuous or uninterrupted extension in space or time or sequence

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

varietynounUS /vərˈaɪəti/

a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

wanderingadjectiveUS /ˈwɑːndərɪŋ/

migratory

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

wateredadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːtərd/

(of silk fabric) having a wavelike pattern

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

wavenounUS /weɪv/

one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

whenceadverbUS /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading This beautiful and highly picturesque valley is watered by many clear streams of pure refreshing water, from whence the spot has derived its appropriate appellation of “Cold Springs.”

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

wildernessnounUS /ˈwɪldərnəs/

(politics) a state of disfavor

From this reading At the time my little history commences, this now highly cultivated spot was an unbroken wilderness,--all tut two small farms, where dwelt the only occupiers of the soil,--which owned no other possessors than the wandering hunting tribes of wild Indians, to whom the right of the hunting grounds north of Rice Lake appertained, according to their forest laws.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

wood-crowned

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Jacobite Song._ THERE lies between the Rice Lake and the Ontario, a deep and fertile valley, surrounded by lofty wood-crowned hills, the heights of which were clothed chiefly with groves of oak and pine, though the sides of the hills and the alluvial bottoms gave a variety of noble timber trees of various kinds, as the maple, beech, hemlock, and others.

woreverbUS /wɔːr/

inflected form of “wear” — be dressed in

From this reading Still dazzling and white was the robe that she wore, Except where the ocean wave lash’d on the shore.”

Chapter 1 of Canadian Crusoes by Catharine Parr Strickland Traill holds 147 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Canadian Crusoes contain?

Chapter 1 holds 147 sentences of Canadian Crusoes, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Canadian Crusoes by Catharine Parr Strickland Traill exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 147 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Canadian Crusoes?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Canadian Crusoes

Common questions about reading Canadian Crusoes by Catharine Parr Strickland Traill on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Canadian Crusoes?

Yes. All 2368 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8382 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Canadian Crusoes is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8382, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Canadian Crusoes take to read?

About 197 minutes of reading across 474 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Canadian Crusoes section by section

How to work through Canadian Crusoes section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Canadian Crusoes to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Canadian Crusoes

Words and structures a reader meets early in Canadian Crusoes, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Morning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Canadian Crusoes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bright
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Canadian Crusoes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Streamers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Canadian Crusoes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Canada
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Canadian Crusoes; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.