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Cane
Cane

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Cane is here in full — 396 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Cane
Context Illustration Reading 1/79 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.
Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.
Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.
This book _is_ the South.
I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cane

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Cane is here in full — 396 sentences across 80 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/79 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.
Line 2
Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.
Line 3
Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.
/ˌɪˈnuːmərəbəl bʊks hæv bɪn ˈrɪtən əˈbaʊt ðə saʊθ sʌm ɡʊd bʊks hæv bɪn ˈrɪtən ɪn ðə saʊθ/
Line 4
This book _is_ the South.
/ðɪs bʊk ɪz ðə saʊθ/
Line 5
I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.
/aɪ duː nɑːt miːn ðæt keɪn ˈkʌvərz ðə saʊθ ɔːr ɪz ðə saʊθs fʊl vɔɪs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

eminence noun US /ˈemənəns/

high status importance owing to marked superiority

From this reading “Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.”

fermenting noun US /fərˈmentɪŋ/

a process in which an agent causes an organic substance to break down into simpler substances; especially, the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into alcohol

From this reading “Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.”

Foreword noun US /ˈfɔːrwɜːrd/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading “_With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.”

heretofore adverb US /ˌhɪrtəˈfɔːr/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading “Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.”

mists noun US /mɪsts/

plural of “mist” — a thin fog with condensation near the ground

From this reading “Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.”

Redolent adjective US /ˈredələnt/

serving to bring to mind

From this reading “Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.”

South's noun US /saʊθs/

possessive form of “south” — the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

syrup noun US /ˈsɜːrəp/

a thick sweet sticky liquid

From this reading “Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.”

All words in this reading · 53

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.

canenounUS /keɪn/

a stick that people can lean on to help them walk

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

coversnounUS /ˈkʌvərz/

plural of “cover” — a covering that serves to conceal or shelter something

From this reading I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.

Deep-rootedadjective

(used especially of ideas or principles) deeply rooted; firmly fixed or held

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.

dusknounUS /dʌsk/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

eminencenounUS /ˈemənəns/

high status importance owing to marked superiority

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

fermentingnounUS /fərˈmentɪŋ/

a process in which an agent causes an organic substance to break down into simpler substances; especially, the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into alcohol

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

ForewordnounUS /ˈfɔːrwɜːrd/

a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book

From this reading _With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.

FrankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading _With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.

heretoforeadverbUS /ˌhɪrtəˈfɔːr/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

InnumerableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

too numerous to be counted

From this reading Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This book _is_ the South.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.

mistsnounUS /mɪsts/

plural of “mist” — a thin fog with condensation near the ground

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

mutenessnoun

the condition of being unable or unwilling to speak

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.

Oracularadjective

of or relating to an oracle

From this reading _With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.

PurplenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəl/

a purple color or pigment

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

ReadingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

RedolentadjectiveUS /ˈredələnt/

serving to bring to mind

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.

songnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.

South'snounUS /saʊθs/

possessive form of “south” — the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

sunkadjectiveUS /sʌŋk/

doomed to extinction

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

syrupnounUS /ˈsɜːrəp/

a thick sweet sticky liquid

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

visionnounUS /ˈvɪʒən/

a vivid mental image

From this reading Redolent of fermenting syrup, Purple of the dusk, Deep-rooted cane._ Reading this book, I had the vision of a land, heretofore sunk in the mists of muteness, suddenly rising up into the eminence of song.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading I do not mean that _Cane_ covers the South or is the South’s full voice.

Waldo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _With a Foreword by_ Waldo Frank _Oracular.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Innumerable books have been written about the South; some good books have been written in the South.

Chapter 1 of Cane by Jean Toomer holds 396 sentences, grouped into 80 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Cane contain?

Chapter 1 holds 396 sentences of Cane, unabridged, divided into 80 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Cane by Jean Toomer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 396 sentences, grouped into 80 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Cane?

Work through the 80 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 80 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cane

Common questions about reading Cane by Jean Toomer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cane?

Yes. All 3606 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #60093 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cane is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #60093, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cane take to read?

About 300 minutes of reading across 722 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cane section by section

How to work through Cane section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Cane to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cane

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cane, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Foreword
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Waldo
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Frank
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Oracular
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cane; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.