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Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands.
Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands.

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands. is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
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FRENCH CARICATURE.
It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.
Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.
England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.
A free pencil, too, becomes ever a gayer and a kinder pencil.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands.

Chapter XVIII

Chapter 18 of Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands. is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
FRENCH CARICATURE.
/frentʃ ˈkerəkətʃər/
Line 2
It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.
/ɪt ɪz ˌɪˈnevətəbəl ðæt bæd ˈruːlərz ʃʊd dred ðə səˈtɪrɪk ˈpensəl/
Line 3
Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.
Line 4
England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.
/ˈɪŋɡlənd æz ðə frentʃ ðemˈselvz ədˈmɪt ɪz ðə ˈneɪtɪv hoʊm ʌv pəˈlɪtəkəl ˈkerəkətʃər bʌt nɑːt æn ˈɪnstəns kæn biː neɪmd ɪn ɔːl ɪts ˈhɪstəri ʌv ˈkerəkətʃər ˈɪndʒərɪŋ ə ɡʊd mæn ɔːr dɪˈfiːtɪŋ ə ɡʊd ˈmeʒər/
Line 5
A free pencil, too, becomes ever a gayer and a kinder pencil.
/ə friː ˈpensəl tuː bɪˈkʌmz ˈevər ə ˈɡeɪər ənd ə ˈkaɪndər ˈpensəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

arrogance noun US /ˈerəɡəns/

overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors

From this reading “Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.”

caricature verb US /ˈkerəkətʃər/

represent in or produce a caricature of

From this reading “FRENCH CARICATURE.”

defeating verb US /dɪˈfiːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “defeat” — win a victory over

From this reading “England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.”

gayer adjective US /ˈɡeɪər/

comparative of “gay” — bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading “A free pencil, too, becomes ever a gayer and a kinder pencil.”

iniquity noun US /ˌɪˈnɪkwɪti/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading “Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.”

injuring verb US /ˈɪndʒərɪŋ/

-ing form of “injure” — cause injuries or bodily harm to

From this reading “England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.”

rulers noun US /ˈruːlərz/

plural of “ruler” — a person who rules or commands

From this reading “It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.”

satiric adjective US /səˈtɪrɪk/

exposing human folly to ridicule

From this reading “It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

most effective adverb + adjective

In this reading “Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.”

good man adjective + noun

In this reading “England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

administrationnounUS /ædˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən/

a method of tending to or managing the affairs of a some group of people (especially the group's business affairs)

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

admitverbUS /ədˈmɪt/

declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

arrogancenounUS /ˈerəɡəns/

overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

badadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

becomesverbUS /bɪˈkʌmz/

third-person singular of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading A free pencil, too, becomes ever a gayer and a kinder pencil.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

CARICATUREverbUS /ˈkerəkətʃər/

represent in or produce a caricature of

From this reading FRENCH CARICATURE.

competentadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmpətɪnt/

properly or sufficiently qualified or capable or efficient

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

corruptionnounUS /kərˈʌpʃən/

lack of integrity or honesty (especially susceptibility to bribery); use of a position of trust for dishonest gain

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

cowardicenounUS /ˈkaʊərdəs/

the trait of lacking courage

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

defeatingverbUS /dɪˈfiːtɪŋ/

-ing form of “defeat” — win a victory over

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

devicenounUS /dɪˈvaɪs/

an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

double-dealingnoun

acting in bad faith; deception by pretending to entertain one set of intentions while acting under the influence of another

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

dreadnounUS /dred/

fearful expectation or anticipation

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

dutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

effectiveadjectiveUS /ɪˈfektɪv/

producing or capable of producing an intended result or having a striking effect

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading A free pencil, too, becomes ever a gayer and a kinder pencil.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading A free pencil, too, becomes ever a gayer and a kinder pencil.

FRENCHnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading FRENCH CARICATURE.

gayeradjectiveUS /ˈɡeɪər/

comparative of “gay” — bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading A free pencil, too, becomes ever a gayer and a kinder pencil.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

honestadjectiveUS /ˈɑːnəst/

not disposed to cheat or defraud; not deceptive or fraudulent

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

inevitableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnevətəbəl/

incapable of being avoided or prevented

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

iniquitynounUS /ˌɪˈnɪkwɪti/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

injuringverbUS /ˈɪndʒərɪŋ/

-ing form of “injure” — cause injuries or bodily harm to

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

kinderadjectiveUS /ˈkaɪndər/

comparative of “kind” — having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading A free pencil, too, becomes ever a gayer and a kinder pencil.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

neverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

pencilnounUS /ˈpensəl/

a thin cylindrical pointed writing implement; a rod of marking substance encased in wood

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

powerlessadjectiveUS /ˈpaʊərləs/

lacking power

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

rulersnounUS /ˈruːlərz/

plural of “ruler” — a person who rules or commands

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

satiricadjectiveUS /səˈtɪrɪk/

exposing human folly to ridicule

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It is inevitable that bad rulers should dread the satiric pencil.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading England, as the French themselves admit, is the native home of political caricature; but not an instance can be named in all its history of caricature injuring a good man or defeating a good measure.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading A free pencil, too, becomes ever a gayer and a kinder pencil.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Caricature, powerless against an administration that is honest and competent, powerless against a public man who does his duty in his place, is nevertheless a most effective device against arrogance, double-dealing, corruption, cowardice, and iniquity.

Chapter 18 of Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands. by James Parton holds 401 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 18 of Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands. contain?

Chapter 18 holds 401 sentences of Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands., unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 18 of Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands. by James Parton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 401 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 18 of Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands.?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 18 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #39347, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands.

Words and structures a reader meets early in Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands., each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Entered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
According
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caricature and Other Comic Art in All Times and Many Lands.; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Congress
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