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Caste
Caste

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Caste is here in full — 78 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Caste
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.
And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.
From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.
Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.
If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Caste

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Caste is here in full — 78 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.
Line 2
And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.
Line 3
From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.
Line 4
Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.
/ˈɔːlsoʊ ðiːz ˈrenəɡeɪd waɪts wɜːr skɪld ɪn drɪl/
Line 5
If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Armageddon noun US /ˌɑːrməˈɡedən/

(New Testament) the scene of the final battle between the kings of the Earth at the end of the world

From this reading “If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.”

brewing noun US /ˈbruːɪŋ/

the production of malt beverages (as beer or ale) from malt and hops by grinding and boiling them and fermenting the result with yeast

From this reading “If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.”

drill verb US /drɪl/

make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool

From this reading “Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.”

ferocity noun US /fərˈɑːsəti/

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading “And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.”

Goa noun US /ˈɡoʊə/

a state of southwestern India; a former Portuguese colony

From this reading “From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.”

gunners noun US /ˈɡʌnərz/

plural of “gunner” — a serviceman in the artillery

From this reading “From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.”

rabid adjective US /ˈræbɪd/

of or infected by rabies

From this reading “And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.”

renegade noun US /ˈrenəɡeɪd/

someone who rebels and becomes an outlaw

From this reading “Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

AlsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

ArmageddonnounUS /ˌɑːrməˈɡedən/

(New Testament) the scene of the final battle between the kings of the Earth at the end of the world

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

athirstadjective

(usually followed by “for”) extremely desirous

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

Baptiste

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

Bhonsla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

brewingnounUS /ˈbruːɪŋ/

the production of malt beverages (as beer or ale) from malt and hops by grinding and boiling them and fermenting the result with yeast

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

burstverbUS /bɜːrst/

come open suddenly and violently, as if from internal pressure

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

busyadjectiveUS /ˈbɪzi/

actively or fully engaged or occupied

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

Chunda

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

commandedverbUS /kəˈmændɪd/

past form of “command” — be in command of

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

dottedadjectiveUS /ˈdɑːtəd/

having a pattern of dots

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

drillverbUS /drɪl/

make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool

From this reading Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

ferocitynounUS /fərˈɑːsəti/

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

GoanounUS /ˈɡoʊə/

a state of southwestern India; a former Portuguese colony

From this reading From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.

gunnersnounUS /ˈɡʌnərz/

plural of “gunner” — a serviceman in the artillery

From this reading From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.

hatedadjectiveUS /ˈheɪtəd/

treated with dislike or contempt

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

hellnounUS /hel/

any place of pain and turmoil

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

Holkar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.

inveigled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

Mahrattanoun

a member of a people of India living in Maharashtra

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

Nana

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

Pondicherry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.

PortuguesenounUS /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡiːz/

the Romance language spoken in Portugal and Brazil

From this reading From Pondicherry he had inveigled French gunners; and from Goa, Portuguese.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

rabidadjectiveUS /ˈræbɪd/

of or infected by rabies

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

renegadenounUS /ˈrenəɡeɪd/

someone who rebels and becomes an outlaw

From this reading Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.

Sahibnoun

formerly a term of respect for important white Europeans in colonial India; used after the name

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

sandnounUS /sænd/

a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

Sirdarnoun

an important person in India

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

skilledadjectiveUS /skɪld/

having or showing or requiring special skill

From this reading Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

surroundingadjectiveUS /sərˈaʊndɪŋ/

closely encircling

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

tentsnounUS /tents/

plural of “tent” — a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

whitesnounUS /waɪts/

plural of “white” — a Caucasian

From this reading Also these renegade whites were skilled in drill.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading And the Sirdar, his soul athirst for a go at the English, whom he hated with the same rabid ferocity that possessed the soul of Nana Sahib, was busy.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The white sand plain surrounding Chunda was dotted with the tents of the Mahratta force Sirdar Baptiste commanded.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading If Holkar and Bhonsla did their part it would be Armageddon when the hell that was brewing burst.

Chapter 2 of Caste by William Alexander Fraser holds 78 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Caste contain?

Chapter 2 holds 78 sentences of Caste, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Caste by William Alexander Fraser exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 78 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Caste?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Caste

Common questions about reading Caste by William Alexander Fraser on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Caste?

Yes. All 3050 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16752 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Caste is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16752, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Caste take to read?

About 254 minutes of reading across 610 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Caste section by section

How to work through Caste section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Caste to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Caste

Words and structures a reader meets early in Caste, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caste; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mahrattas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caste; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sindhia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caste; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Holkar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caste; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.