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Caste
Caste

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Caste is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.
This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.
But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.
Then Alam, the eunuch, stole it from the Vizier.
Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Caste

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Caste is here in full — 93 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.
Line 2
This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.
Line 3
But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.
Line 4
Then Alam, the eunuch, stole it from the Vizier.
Line 5
Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.
/ɪts pəˈzeʃən wɑːz dɪˈzaɪrəbəl nɑːt ˈoʊnli bɪˈkɔːz ʌv ɪts ɡreɪt ˈvæljuː æz ə ˈdʒuːəl bʌt bɪˈkɔːz ɪt held ɪn ɪts səˈtænɪk ˈɡlɪtər æn əˈnɜːrθli ˈpaʊər ˈiːðər ʌv ˌprezərˈveɪʃən tuː ɪts ˈhoʊldər ɔːr məˈlɪɡnənt ˈiːvəl əˈɡenst hɪz ˈenəmiz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Delhi noun US /ˈdeli/

a city in north central India

From this reading “This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.”

holder noun US /ˈhoʊldər/

a holding device

From this reading “Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.”

Nadir noun US /ˈneɪdər/

an extreme state of adversity; the lowest point of anything

From this reading “This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.”

Peacock noun US /ˈpiːkɑːk/

European butterfly having reddish-brown wings each marked with a purple eyespot

From this reading “This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.”

peacocks noun US /ˈpiːkɑːks/

plural of “peacock” — European butterfly having reddish-brown wings each marked with a purple eyespot

From this reading “This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.”

sacked adjective US /sækt/

having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence

From this reading “This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.”

satanic adjective US /səˈtænɪk/

extremely evil or cruel; expressive of cruelty or befitting hell

From this reading “Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.”

Shah noun US /ʃɑː/

title for the former hereditary monarch of Iran

From this reading “This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.”

All words in this reading · 93

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

Akbar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

Alam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Then Alam, the eunuch, stole it from the Vizier.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

blood-redadjective

of a color at the end of the color spectrum (next to orange); resembling the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

boxnounUS /bɑːks/

a (usually rectangular) container; may have a lid

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

conquerornounUS /ˈkɑːŋkərər/

someone who is victorious by force of arms

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

customsnounUS /ˈkʌstəmz/

money collected under a tariff

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

DelhinounUS /ˈdeli/

a city in north central India

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

desirableadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪrəbəl/

worth having or seeking or achieving

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

Dewan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

didn't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.

Diwa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

enemiesnounUS /ˈenəmiz/

plural of “enemy” — an opposing military force

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

eunuchnounUS /ˈjuːnək/

a man who has been castrated and is incapable of reproduction

From this reading Then Alam, the eunuch, stole it from the Vizier.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Then Alam, the eunuch, stole it from the Vizier.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.

glitternounUS /ˈɡlɪtər/

the quality of shining with a bright reflected light

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

gorgeousadjectiveUS /ˈɡɔːrdʒəs/

dazzlingly beautiful

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

holdernounUS /ˈhoʊldər/

a holding device

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

jewelnounUS /ˈdʒuːəl/

a precious or semiprecious stone incorporated into a piece of jewelry

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

jewelledadjective

covered with beads or jewels or sequins

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

KanounUS /kɑː/

unknown god; an epithet of Prajapati and Brahma

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.

Kohinoor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

LampnounUS /læmp/

an artificial source of visible illumination

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

malignantadjectiveUS /məˈlɪɡnənt/

dangerous to health; characterized by progressive and uncontrolled growth (especially of a tumor)

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

NadirnounUS /ˈneɪdər/

an extreme state of adversity; the lowest point of anything

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

officialadjectiveUS /əˈfɪʃəl/

having official authority or sanction

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

PeacocknounUS /ˈpiːkɑːk/

European butterfly having reddish-brown wings each marked with a purple eyespot

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

peacocksnounUS /ˈpiːkɑːks/

plural of “peacock” — European butterfly having reddish-brown wings each marked with a purple eyespot

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

PerhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

PersianounUS /ˈpɜːrʒə/

an empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

PersiannounUS /ˈpɜːrʒən/

a native or inhabitant of Iran

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

preservationnounUS /ˌprezərˈveɪʃən/

the activity of protecting something from loss or danger

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

rubynounUS /ˈruːbi/

a transparent piece of ruby that has been cut and polished and is valued as a precious gem

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

sackedadjectiveUS /sækt/

having been robbed and destroyed by force and violence

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

satanicadjectiveUS /səˈtænɪk/

extremely evil or cruel; expressive of cruelty or befitting hell

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

Sewlal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

ShahnounUS /ʃɑː/

title for the former hereditary monarch of Iran

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

stolenounUS /stoʊl/

a wide scarf worn about their shoulders by women

From this reading But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.

surmountedadjectiveUS /sərˈmaʊntɪd/

having something on top

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then Alam, the eunuch, stole it from the Vizier.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

ThronenounUS /θroʊn/

the chair of state for a monarch, bishop, etc.

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

unearthlyadjectiveUS /əˈnɜːrθli/

concerned with or affecting the spirit or soul

From this reading Its possession was desirable, not only because of its great value as a jewel, but because it held in its satanic glitter an unearthly power, either of preservation to its holder or malignant evil against his enemies.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

ViziernounUS /vɪˈzɪər/

A high-ranking political advisor or minister to the sovereign monarch.

From this reading But he didn't get the ruby for the Vizier of the King of Delhi stole it.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Perhaps it was the customs official that told Dewan Sewlal about the _Akbar Ka Diwa_, the Lamp of Akbar, the ruby that was so called because of its gorgeous blood-red fire, as being in the iron box of the merchant.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading This ruby had been an eye in one of the two gorgeous jewelled peacocks that surmounted the "Peacock Throne" at Delhi in the time of Akbar to the time when the Persian conqueror, Nadir Shah, sacked Delhi and took the Peacock Throne and the Kohinoor, and everything else of value back to Persia.

Chapter 7 of Caste by William Alexander Fraser holds 93 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Caste contain?

Chapter 7 holds 93 sentences of Caste, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Caste by William Alexander Fraser exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 93 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Caste?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Caste

Common questions about reading Caste by William Alexander Fraser on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Caste?

Yes. All 3050 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16752 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Caste is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16752, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Caste take to read?

About 254 minutes of reading across 610 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Caste section by section

How to work through Caste section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Caste to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Caste

Words and structures a reader meets early in Caste, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caste; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mahrattas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caste; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sindhia
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caste; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Holkar
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Caste; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.