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Cattle Brands
Cattle Brands

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Cattle Brands is here in full — 405 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
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The lay of the land was extremely favorable.
The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.
Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plainan alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.
At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.
After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cattle Brands

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Cattle Brands is here in full — 405 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The lay of the land was extremely favorable.
/ðə leɪ ʌv ðə lænd wɑːz ekˈstriːmli ˈfeɪvərəbəl/
Line 2
The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.
Line 3
Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plainan alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.
Line 4
At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.
/æt ðə tərməˈneɪʃən ʌv ðə ɡroʊv ˈprɑːpər daʊn ðə ˈrɪvər ɔːr tuː ðə ˈiːstwərd wɑːz ə sænd duːn ˈbɑːtəm ʌv ˈsevrəl maɪlz ˈkʌvərd baɪ waɪld plʌm brʌʃ ˈtɜːrməneɪtɪŋ ɪn ə pərˈfekt ˈhɔːrsʃuː ə ˈθaʊzənd ˈeɪkərz ɪn ɪkˈstent ðə ˈentrəns ʌv wɪtʃ wɑːz əˈbaʊt ə maɪl waɪd/
Line 5
After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

alkali noun US /ˈælkəlaɪ/

any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water

From this reading “Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.”

carnivorous adjective US /kɑːrˈnɪvərəs/

relating to or characteristic of carnivores

From this reading “Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.”

chaparral noun US /ˌʃæpərˈæl/

dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes

From this reading “After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.”

Cimarron noun US /ˈsɪmərɑːn/

a river that rises in northeastern New Mexico and flows eastward into Oklahoma where it becomes a tributary of the Arkansas River

From this reading “The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.”

dune noun US /duːn/

a ridge of sand created by the wind; found in deserts or near lakes and oceans

From this reading “At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.”

horseshoe noun US /ˈhɔːrsʃuː/

game equipment consisting of an open ring of iron used in playing horseshoes

From this reading “At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.”

ruminant noun US /ˈruːmənənt/

any of various cud-chewing hoofed mammals having a stomach divided into four (occasionally three) compartments

From this reading “Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.”

terminating verb US /ˈtɜːrməneɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “terminate” — bring to an end or halt

From this reading “At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

acresnounUS /ˈeɪkərz/

extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

AcrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

alkalinounUS /ˈælkəlaɪ/

any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

attemptnounUS /əˈtempt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

brushverbUS /brʌʃ/

rub with a brush, or as if with a brush

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

carnivorousadjectiveUS /kɑːrˈnɪvərəs/

relating to or characteristic of carnivores

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

chaparralnounUS /ˌʃæpərˈæl/

dense vegetation consisting of stunted trees or bushes

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

CimarronnounUS /ˈsɪmərɑːn/

a river that rises in northeastern New Mexico and flows eastward into Oklahoma where it becomes a tributary of the Arkansas River

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

covertnounUS /ˈkoʊvərt/

a flock of coots

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

dangernounUS /ˈdeɪndʒər/

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

desertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

dunenounUS /duːn/

a ridge of sand created by the wind; found in deserts or near lakes and oceans

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

eastwardadjectiveUS /ˈiːstwərd/

moving toward the east

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

extendingverbUS /ɪkˈstendɪŋ/

-ing form of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

extentnounUS /ɪkˈstent/

the point or degree to which something extends

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

extremelyadverbUS /ekˈstriːmli/

to a high degree or extent; favorably or with much respect

From this reading The lay of the land was extremely favorable.

favorableadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪvərəbəl/

encouraging or approving or pleasing

From this reading The lay of the land was extremely favorable.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

GrovenounUS /ɡroʊv/

a small growth of trees without underbrush

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

horsebacknounUS /ˈhɔːrsbæk/

the back of a horse

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

horseshoenounUS /ˈhɔːrsʃuː/

game equipment consisting of an open ring of iron used in playing horseshoes

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

impracticableadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpræktɪkəbəl/

not capable of being carried out or put into practice

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

instinctnounUS /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/

inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The lay of the land was extremely favorable.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The lay of the land was extremely favorable.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The lay of the land was extremely favorable.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

perfectadjectiveUS /pərˈfekt/

being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

plainadjectiveUS /pleɪn/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

plumadverbUS /plʌm/

exactly

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

plum-brush

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

possiblyadverbUS /ˈpɑːsəbli/

by chance

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

ruminantnounUS /ˈruːmənənt/

any of various cud-chewing hoofed mammals having a stomach divided into four (occasionally three) compartments

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

saltnounUS /sɔːlt/

a compound formed by replacing hydrogen in an acid by a metal (or a radical that acts like a metal)

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

sandnounUS /sænd/

a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

terminatingverbUS /ˈtɜːrməneɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “terminate” — bring to an end or halt

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

terminationnounUS /tərməˈneɪʃən/

a coming to an end of a contract period

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The lay of the land was extremely favorable.

thickety

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading At the termination of the grove proper, down the river or to the eastward, was a sand dune bottom of several miles, covered by wild plum brush, terminating in a perfect horseshoe a thousand acres in extent, the entrance of which was about a mile wide.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

undergrowthnounUS /ˈʌndərɡroʊθ/

the brush (small trees and bushes and ferns etc.) growing beneath taller trees in a wood or forest

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading After passing the grove, this plum-brush country could be covered by men on horseback, though the chaparral undergrowth of the grove made the use of horses impracticable.

WalnutnounUS /ˈwɔːlnʌt/

nut of any of various walnut trees having a wrinkled two-lobed seed with a hard shell

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

warnedverbUS /wɔːrnd/

past form of “warn” — notify of danger, potential harm, or risk

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The lay of the land was extremely favorable.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading The Walnut Grove was a thickety covert on the north first bottom of the Cimarron, and possibly two miles wide by three long.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Across the river, and extending several miles above and below this grove, was the salt plain—an alkali desert which no wild animal, ruminant or carnivorous, would attempt to cross, instinct having warned it of its danger.

Chapter 3 of Cattle Brands by Andy Adams holds 405 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Cattle Brands contain?

Chapter 3 holds 405 sentences of Cattle Brands, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Cattle Brands by Andy Adams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 405 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Cattle Brands?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cattle Brands

Common questions about reading Cattle Brands by Andy Adams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cattle Brands?

Yes. All 3663 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12281 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cattle Brands is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12281, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cattle Brands take to read?

About 305 minutes of reading across 733 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cattle Brands section by section

How to work through Cattle Brands section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Cattle Brands to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cattle Brands

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cattle Brands, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Collection
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cattle Brands; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Western
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cattle Brands; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Camp-fire
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cattle Brands; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cattle Brands; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.