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Cædwalla
Cædwalla

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Cædwalla is here in full — 421 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Cædwalla
Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.
When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.
Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.
"I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.
"No, she will have to take her chance.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cædwalla

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Cædwalla is here in full — 421 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.
Line 2
When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.
Line 3
Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.
Line 4
"I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.
Line 5
"No, she will have to take her chance.
/noʊ ʃiː wɪl hæv tuː teɪk hɜːr tʃæns/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

coverings noun US /ˈkʌvərɪŋz/

plural of “covering” — a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading “Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.”

forked adjective US /fɔːrkt/

resembling a fork; divided or separated into two branches

From this reading “Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.”

masts noun US /mæsts/

plural of “mast” — a vertical spar for supporting sails

From this reading “Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.”

rouse verb US /raʊs/

become active

From this reading “But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.”

stakes noun US /steɪks/

the money risked on a gamble

From this reading “Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.”

stretching noun US /ˈstretʃɪŋ/

act of expanding by lengthening or widening

From this reading “Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.”

tolerable adjective US /ˈtɑːlərəbəl/

capable of being borne or endured

From this reading “Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.”

windward noun US /ˈwɪndwərd/

the direction from which the wind is coming

From this reading “When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

windward side noun + noun

the side toward the wind

In this reading “When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.”

extreme difficulty adjective + noun

In this reading “When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.”

worn out verb + adjective

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

In this reading “But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.”

other things adjective + noun

In this reading “Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.”

on the top preposition + article + noun counted as “on … top”

In this reading “When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.”

scarcely any adverb + adjective

In this reading “When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.”

deal of verb + particle

In this reading “But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

asleepadjectiveUS /əˈsliːp/

in a state of sleep

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

Athelhune

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

beachnounUS /biːtʃ/

an area of sand sloping down to the water of a sea or lake

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

boatnounUS /boʊt/

a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

bushesnounUS /ˈbʊʃəz/

plural of “bush” — a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

carryverbUS /ˈkæri/

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

Ceolwulf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

chancenounUS /tʃæns/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading "No, she will have to take her chance.

clearingnounUS /ˈklɪrɪŋ/

a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

cliffnounUS /klɪf/

a steep high face of rock

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

coldadjectiveUS /koʊld/

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

coveringsnounUS /ˈkʌvərɪŋz/

plural of “covering” — a natural object that covers or envelops

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

extremeadjectiveUS /ekˈstriːm/

of the greatest possible degree or extent or intensity

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

forkedadjectiveUS /fɔːrkt/

resembling a fork; divided or separated into two branches

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "No, she will have to take her chance.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading "No, she will have to take her chance.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

Malachinoun

a Hebrew minor prophet of the 5th century BC

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

mastsnounUS /mæsts/

plural of “mast” — a vertical spar for supporting sails

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading "No, she will have to take her chance.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

oarsnounUS /ɔːrz/

plural of “oar” — an implement used to propel or steer a boat

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

restedadjectiveUS /ˈrestəd/

not tired; refreshed as by sleeping or relaxing

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

rouseverbUS /raʊs/

become active

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

sailverbUS /seɪl/

traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

shakingnounUS /ˈʃeɪkɪŋ/

the act of causing something to move up and down (or back and forth) with quick movements

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "No, she will have to take her chance.

shelternounUS /ˈʃeltər/

a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

snownounUS /snoʊ/

precipitation falling from clouds in the form of ice crystals

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

stakesnounUS /steɪks/

the money risked on a gamble

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

stretchingnounUS /ˈstretʃɪŋ/

act of expanding by lengthening or widening

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading "No, she will have to take her chance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

tolerableadjectiveUS /ˈtɑːlərəbəl/

capable of being borne or endured

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

understandverbUS /ˌʌndərˈstænd/

know and comprehend the nature or meaning of

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

uprightadjectiveUS /əˈpraɪt/

in a vertical position; not sloping

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "I suppose we can do nothing more for the old boat?" said Athelhune.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "No, she will have to take her chance.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading Ceolwulf and the others now returned with the other things, and they very soon made a tolerable shelter from the wind and snow by stretching the sail and other coverings over stakes driven in the ground, and kept up by the masts and oars, which were rested in the forked end of the upright stakes.

windwardnounUS /ˈwɪndwərd/

the direction from which the wind is coming

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

wretchednessnoun

a state of ill-being due to affliction or misfortune

From this reading But Malachi was sound asleep, worn out with cold and wretchedness, and it took a great deal of shaking to rouse him up.

Wulfstan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When at last he was made to understand where he was, he had scarcely any strength left to walk, and it was with extreme difficulty Wulfstan could get him up the beach and on the top of the cliff; and then Athelhune set him to work to carry the bushes, which the others cut, to the windward side of the clearing they were making.

Chapter 4 of Cædwalla by Frank Cowper holds 421 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Cædwalla contain?

Chapter 4 holds 421 sentences of Cædwalla, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Cædwalla by Frank Cowper exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 421 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Cædwalla?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cædwalla

Common questions about reading Cædwalla by Frank Cowper on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cædwalla?

Yes. All 3886 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53726 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cædwalla is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #53726, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cædwalla take to read?

About 323 minutes of reading across 778 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cædwalla section by section

How to work through Cædwalla section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Cædwalla to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cædwalla

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cædwalla, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frank
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cædwalla; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cowper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cædwalla; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prince
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cædwalla; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cædwalla; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.