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Cædwalla
Cædwalla

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Cædwalla is here in full — 450 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/90 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.
Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.
One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.
The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.
There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cædwalla

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Cædwalla is here in full — 450 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/90 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.
Line 2
Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.
Line 3
One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.
Line 4
The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.
/ðə ˈbrekfəst kənˈsɪstəd ʌv ə ˈpɔːrʃən ʌv fɪʃ tuː iːtʃ ˈpɜːrsən ənd ə ˈpɔːrʃən ʌv ˈoʊtmiːl ˈpɔːrədʒ meɪd wɪð ˈwɔːtər/
Line 5
There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bodily adverb US /ˈbɑːdəli/

in bodily form

From this reading “There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.”

domestics noun US /dəˈmestɪks/

plural of “domestic” — a servant who is paid to perform menial tasks around the household

From this reading “Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.”

jug noun US /dʒʌɡ/

a large bottle with a narrow mouth

From this reading “There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.”

monks noun US /mʌŋks/

plural of “monk” — a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work

From this reading “Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.”

oatmeal noun US /ˈoʊtmiːl/

porridge made of rolled oats

From this reading “The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.”

porridge noun US /ˈpɔːrədʒ/

soft food made by boiling oatmeal or other meal or legumes in water or milk until thick

From this reading “The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.”

sparingly adverb US /ˈsperɪŋli/

to a meager degree or in a meager manner

From this reading “There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.”

vacant adjective US /ˈveɪkənt/

void of intelligence or thought

From this reading “One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

lower end verb + noun

In this reading “One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.”

vacant places adjective + noun counted as “vacant place”

In this reading “One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.”

looked curiously verb + particle counted as “look curiously”

In this reading “Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.”

consisted of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.”

large room adjective + noun

In this reading “When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.”

nearly full adverb + adjective

In this reading “When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.”

long table adjective + noun

In this reading “Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.”

at the head preposition + article + noun counted as “at … head”

In this reading “Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

attractedverbUS /əˈtræktɪd/

past form of “attract” — direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

Bernwine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

biddingnounUS /ˈbɪdɪŋ/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

BishopnounUS /ˈbɪʃəp/

a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

bodilyadverbUS /ˈbɑːdəli/

in bodily form

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

comfortnounUS /ˈkʌmfərt/

a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

Corman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

curiouslyadverbUS /ˈkjʊriəsli/

in a manner differing from the usual or expected

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

domesticsnounUS /dəˈmestɪks/

plural of “domestic” — a servant who is paid to perform menial tasks around the household

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

drinkverbUS /drɪŋk/

take in liquids

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

enteredverbUS /ˈentərd/

past form of “enter” — to come or go into

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

fishnounUS /fɪʃ/

any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

hallnounUS /hɔːl/

an interior passage or corridor onto which rooms open

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

Hildila

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

jugnounUS /dʒʌɡ/

a large bottle with a narrow mouth

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

milknounUS /mɪlk/

a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

monknounUS /mʌŋk/

a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

monksnounUS /mʌŋks/

plural of “monk” — a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

oatmealnounUS /ˈoʊtmiːl/

porridge made of rolled oats

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

porridgenounUS /ˈpɔːrədʒ/

soft food made by boiling oatmeal or other meal or legumes in water or milk until thick

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

sparinglyadverbUS /ˈsperɪŋli/

to a meager degree or in a meager manner

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

tablenounUS /ˈteɪbəl/

a set of data arranged in rows and columns

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

vacantadjectiveUS /ˈveɪkənt/

void of intelligence or thought

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

Wilfrid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Wilfrid was at the head of the table, on each side of him were Bernwine and Hildila, while all down the long table were a few monks, some lay domestics, and several boys, who all looked curiously at Ædric.

Wilfrid's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There was water to drink, but at Wilfrid’s table there was a jug of milk, of which, however, the Bishop only took very sparingly, but he sent it down to Ædric, and another monk who seemed delicate, bidding them take it for their bodily comfort.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The breakfast consisted of a portion of fish to each person, and a portion of oatmeal porridge made with water.

Ædric

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Corman and Ædric entered the large room or hall, into which they had first come the evening before, they found the room nearly full.

Ædric's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One of the monks led Corman and Ædric to their vacant places, and then grace was said by another monk at the lower end of the table, after which all sat down, and the same monk who had said grace, began to read out of the beautiful book that had so attracted Ædric’s attention the night before.

Chapter 7 of Cædwalla by Frank Cowper holds 450 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Cædwalla contain?

Chapter 7 holds 450 sentences of Cædwalla, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Cædwalla by Frank Cowper exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 450 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Cædwalla?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cædwalla

Common questions about reading Cædwalla by Frank Cowper on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cædwalla?

Yes. All 3886 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53726 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cædwalla is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #53726, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cædwalla take to read?

About 323 minutes of reading across 778 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cædwalla section by section

How to work through Cædwalla section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Cædwalla to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cædwalla

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cædwalla, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Frank
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cædwalla; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cowper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cædwalla; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Prince
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cædwalla; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Henry
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cædwalla; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.