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Cease Firing
Cease Firing

Chapter XX · Chickamauga

Chapter XX of Cease Firing, “Chickamauga,” is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
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It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.
A mountain is like the wall of a house full of rat-holes.
Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?”
The wall was the Cumberland Range.
The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.
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/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cease Firing

Chapter XX · Chickamauga

Chapter XX of Cease Firing, “Chickamauga,” is here in full — 402 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.
Line 2
A mountain is like the wall of a house full of rat-holes.
Line 3
Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?”
/huː kæn tel wʌt laɪz ˈhɪdən bɪˈhaɪnd ðæt wɔːl/
Line 4
The wall was the Cumberland Range.
/ðə wɔːl wɑːz ðə ˈkʌmbərlənd reɪndʒ/
Line 5
The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.
/ðə ˈsevrəl ˈdʒenərəl ˈɔːfəsərz ˈraɪdɪŋ wɪð ˈdʒenərəl bræɡ ˈʌtərd ə ˈmɜːrmər ˈweðər ʌv əˈɡriːmənt ɔːr dɪsəˈɡriːmənt wɑːz nɑːt əˈperənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

agreement noun US /əˈɡriːmənt/

the statement (oral or written) of an exchange of promises

From this reading “The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.”

Bragg noun US /bræɡ/

Confederate general during the American Civil War who was defeated by Grant in the battle of Chattanooga (1817-1876)

From this reading ““It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.”

Cumberland noun US /ˈkʌmbərlənd/

English general; son of George II; fought unsuccessfully in the battle of Fontenoy (1721-1765)

From this reading “The wall was the Cumberland Range.”

disagreement noun US /dɪsəˈɡriːmənt/

a conflict of people's opinions or actions or characters

From this reading “The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.”

gaps noun US /ɡæps/

plural of “gap” — a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures

From this reading ““It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.”

mountainous adjective US /ˈmaʊntənəs/

having hills and crags

From this reading ““It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.”

pounce verb US /paʊns/

move down on as if in an attack

From this reading ““It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.”

Tennessee noun US /ˌtenəˈsiː/

a state in east central United States

From this reading ““It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

mountainous country adjective + noun

In this reading ““It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.”

pounce upon verb + particle

In this reading ““It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.”

lies hidden verb + adjective counted as “lie hidden”

In this reading “Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?””

general officers adjective + noun counted as “general officer”

officers in the Army or Air Force or Marines above the rank of colonel

In this reading “The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.”

any time adjective + noun

In this reading ““It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

agreementnounUS /əˈɡriːmənt/

the statement (oral or written) of an exchange of promises

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

apparentadjectiveUS /əˈperənt/

clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

ArmynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?”

BraggnounUS /bræɡ/

Confederate general during the American Civil War who was defeated by Grant in the battle of Chattanooga (1817-1876)

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

Braxton

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

commandingadjectiveUS /kəˈmændɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

CumberlandnounUS /ˈkʌmbərlənd/

English general; son of George II; fought unsuccessfully in the battle of Fontenoy (1721-1765)

From this reading The wall was the Cumberland Range.

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

disagreementnounUS /dɪsəˈɡriːmənt/

a conflict of people's opinions or actions or characters

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

easyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

foenounUS /foʊ/

an armed adversary (especially a member of an opposing military force)

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

gapsnounUS /ɡæps/

plural of “gap” — a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

GeneraladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

hiddenadjectiveUS /ˈhɪdən/

not accessible to view

From this reading Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?”

hideverbUS /haɪd/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading A mountain is like the wall of a house full of rat-holes.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?”

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading A mountain is like the wall of a house full of rat-holes.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading A mountain is like the wall of a house full of rat-holes.

mountainousadjectiveUS /ˈmaʊntənəs/

having hills and crags

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

murmurnounUS /ˈmɜːrmər/

a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

pounceverbUS /paʊns/

move down on as if in an attack

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

RangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading The wall was the Cumberland Range.

rat-holes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A mountain is like the wall of a house full of rat-holes.

ridingnounUS /ˈraɪdɪŋ/

the sport of sitting on the back of a horse while controlling its movements

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?”

TennesseenounUS /ˌtenəˈsiː/

a state in east central United States

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

utteredadjectiveUS /ˈʌtərd/

communicated in words

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading A mountain is like the wall of a house full of rat-holes.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The wall was the Cumberland Range.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?”

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

WhopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Who can tell what lies hidden behind that wall?”

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The several general officers, riding with General Bragg, uttered a murmur, whether of agreement or disagreement was not apparent.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading “It is said to be easy to defend a mountainous country,” said General Braxton Bragg, commanding the Army of Tennessee, “but mountains hide your foe from you, while they are full of gaps through which he can pounce upon you at any time.

Chapter 20 of Cease Firing by Mary Johnston holds 402 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Cease Firing contain?

Chapter 20 holds 402 sentences of Cease Firing, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Cease Firing by Mary Johnston exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 402 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Cease Firing?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cease Firing

Common questions about reading Cease Firing by Mary Johnston on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cease Firing?

Yes. All 11895 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #52154 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #52154, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 2379 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Cease Firing

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cease Firing, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cease Firing; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cannot
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cease Firing; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Represent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cease Firing; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cease Firing; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.