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Character and Opinion in the United States
Character and Opinion in the United States

Chapter II · The Academic Environment

Chapter II of Character and Opinion in the United States, “The Academic Environment,” is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
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During some twentyfive yearsfrom about 1885 to 1910there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.
Why at Harvard in particular?
So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.
That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.
Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Character and Opinion in the United States

Chapter II · The Academic Environment

Chapter II of Character and Opinion in the United States, “The Academic Environment,” is here in full — 159 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
During some twentyfive yearsfrom about 1885 to 1910there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.
Line 2
Why at Harvard in particular?
/waɪ æt ˈhɑːrvərd ɪn pərˈtɪkjələr/
Line 3
So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.
/soʊ lɔːŋ æz fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi ɪz ðə friː pərˈsuːt ʌv ˈwɪzdəm ɪt ərˈaɪzəz weˈrevər men ʌv ˈkerɪktər ənd ˌpenəˈtreɪʃən iːtʃ wɪð hɪz ˈspeʃəl ɪkˈspɪriəns ɔːr ˈhɑːbi lʊk əˈbaʊt ðem ɪn ðɪs wɜːrld/
Line 4
That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.
/ðæt fəˈlɑːsəfərz ʃʊd biː prəˈfesərz ɪz æn ˈæksədənt ənd ˈɔːlmoʊst æn əˈnɑːməli/
Line 5
Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.
/friː rɪˈflekʃən əˈbaʊt ˈevriθɪŋ ɪz ə ˈhæbət tuː biː ˈɪməteɪtɪd bʌt nɑːt ə səbˈdʒekt tuː ɪkˈspaʊnd ənd æn ərˈɪdʒənəl ˈsɪstəm ɪf ðə fəˈlɑːsəfər hæz wʌn ɪz ˈsʌmθɪŋ dɑːrk ˈperələs ənˈtestɪd ənd nɑːt raɪp tuː biː tɔːt nɔːr ɪz ðer mʌtʃ ˈdeɪndʒər ðæt ˈeni wʌn wɪl lɜːrn ɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

anomaly noun US /əˈnɑːməli/

deviation from the normal or common order or form or rule

From this reading “That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.”

arises verb US /ərˈaɪzəz/

third-person singular of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading “So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.”

expound verb US /ɪkˈspaʊnd/

add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing

From this reading “Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.”

hobby noun US /ˈhɑːbi/

an auxiliary activity

From this reading “So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.”

imitated verb US /ˈɪməteɪtɪd/

past form of “imitate” — reproduce someone's behavior or looks

From this reading “Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.”

penetration noun US /ˌpenəˈtreɪʃən/

an attack that penetrates into enemy territory

From this reading “So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.”

professors noun US /prəˈfesərz/

plural of “professor” — someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading “That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.”

untested adjective US /ənˈtestɪd/

not tried or tested by experience

From this reading “Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

five years noun + noun

In this reading “During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.”

some twenty adjective + noun

In this reading “During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.”

look about verb + particle

In this reading “So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1885

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

1910

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

accidentnounUS /ˈæksədənt/

an unfortunate mishap; especially one causing damage or injury

From this reading That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

anomalynounUS /əˈnɑːməli/

deviation from the normal or common order or form or rule

From this reading That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

arisesverbUS /ərˈaɪzəz/

third-person singular of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

CollegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

congregationnounUS /ˌkɑːŋɡrəˈɡeɪʃən/

a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

dangernounUS /ˈdeɪndʒər/

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

experienceverbUS /ɪkˈspɪriəns/

undergo or live through a difficult experience

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

expoundverbUS /ɪkˈspaʊnd/

add details, as to an account or idea; clarify the meaning of and discourse in a learned way, usually in writing

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

HarvardnounUS /ˈhɑːrvərd/

a university in Massachusetts

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

hobbynounUS /ˈhɑːbi/

an auxiliary activity

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

imitatedverbUS /ˈɪməteɪtɪd/

past form of “imitate” — reproduce someone's behavior or looks

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Why at Harvard in particular?

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

particularadjectiveUS /pərˈtɪkjələr/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading Why at Harvard in particular?

penetrationnounUS /ˌpenəˈtreɪʃən/

an attack that penetrates into enemy territory

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

perilousadjectiveUS /ˈperələs/

fraught with danger

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

philosophernounUS /fəˈlɑːsəfər/

a specialist in philosophy

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

philosophersnounUS /fəˈlɑːsəfərz/

plural of “philosopher” — a specialist in philosophy

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

philosophynounUS /fɪˈlɑː.sə.fi/

The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence. (Triết học, đạo lý nhân sinh.)

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

professorsnounUS /prəˈfesərz/

plural of “professor” — someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university

From this reading That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.

pursuitnounUS /pərˈsuːt/

the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

reflectionnounUS /rɪˈflekʃən/

a calm, lengthy, intent consideration

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

ripeadjectiveUS /raɪp/

fully developed or matured and ready to be eaten or used

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That philosophers should be professors is an accident, and almost an anomaly.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

twentynounUS /ˈtwenti/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nineteen and one

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

untestedadjectiveUS /ənˈtestɪd/

not tried or tested by experience

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

whereverconjunctionUS /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Why at Harvard in particular?

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Free reflection about everything is a habit to be imitated, but not a subject to expound; and an original system, if the philosopher has one, is something dark, perilous, untested, and not ripe to be taught, nor is there much danger that any one will learn it.

wisdomnounUS /ˈwɪzdəm/

accumulated knowledge or erudition or enlightenment

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading So long as philosophy is the free pursuit of wisdom, it arises wherever men of character and penetration, each with his special experience or hobby, look about them in this world.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading During some twenty‐five years—from about 1885 to 1910—there was at Harvard College an interesting congregation of philosophers.

Chapter 2 of Character and Opinion in the United States by George Santayana holds 159 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Character and Opinion in the United States contain?

Chapter 2 holds 159 sentences of Character and Opinion in the United States, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Character and Opinion in the United States by George Santayana exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 159 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Character and Opinion in the United States?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Character and Opinion in the United States

Common questions about reading Character and Opinion in the United States by George Santayana on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Character and Opinion in the United States?

Yes. All 1454 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34654 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Character and Opinion in the United States is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34654, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Character and Opinion in the United States take to read?

About 121 minutes of reading across 291 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Character and Opinion in the United States section by section

How to work through Character and Opinion in the United States section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Character and Opinion in the United States to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Character and Opinion in the United States

Words and structures a reader meets early in Character and Opinion in the United States, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Reason
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Character and Opinion in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Common
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Character and Opinion in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sense
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Character and Opinion in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Society
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Character and Opinion in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.