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Character and Opinion in the United States
Character and Opinion in the United States

Chapter VII · English Liberty in America

Chapter VII of Character and Opinion in the United States, “English Liberty in America,” is here in full — 240 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/48 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.
No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.
In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.
Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.
In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Character and Opinion in the United States

Chapter VII · English Liberty in America

Chapter VII of Character and Opinion in the United States, “English Liberty in America,” is here in full — 240 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/48 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.
/ðə streɪts ʌv ˈdoʊvər wɪtʃ wʌn meɪ səmˈtaɪmz siː əˈkrɔːs hæv səˈfaɪst soʊ tuː ˈaɪsəleɪt ˈɪŋɡlənd ðæt ɪt hæz ˈnevər muːvd kwaɪt ɪn step wɪð ðə rest ʌv ˈjʊrəp ɪn ˈpɑːlətɪks ˈmɔːrəlz ɔːr ɑːrt/
Line 2
No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.
Line 3
In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.
/ɪn veɪn ɑːr ðeɪ rɪˈpjuːtɪd tuː hæv ðə seɪm riˈlɪdʒənz ɔːr tuː spiːk ðə seɪm ˈlæŋɡwədʒəz æz ðer ˈkʌzənz ɪn ðə oʊld wɜːrld ˈevriθɪŋ hæz tʃeɪndʒd ɪts əkˈsent ˈspɪrət ənd ˈvæljuː/
Line 4
Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.
Line 5
In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Dover noun US /ˈdoʊvər/

the capital of the state of Delaware

From this reading “The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.”

emigration noun US /ˌeməˈɡreɪʃən/

migration from a place (especially migration from your native country in order to settle in another)

From this reading “No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.”

fauna noun US /ˈfɔːnə/

all the animal life in a particular region or period

From this reading “Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.”

isolate verb US /ˈaɪsəleɪt/

place or set apart

From this reading “The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.”

prototypes noun US /ˈproʊtətaɪps/

plural of “prototype” — a standard or typical example

From this reading “In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.”

religions noun US /riˈlɪdʒənz/

plural of “religion” — a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading “In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.”

reputed verb US /rɪˈpjuːtɪd/

past form of “repute” — look on as or consider

From this reading “In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.”

tonic adjective US /ˈtɑːnɪk/

of or relating to or producing normal tone or tonus in muscles or tissue

From this reading “Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

cut off verb + particle

make a break in

In this reading “No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.”

vast spaces adjective + noun counted as “vast space”

In this reading “Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.”

in spite preposition + noun

In this reading “Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.”

In comparison preposition + noun

In this reading “In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.”

same languages adjective + noun counted as “same language”

In this reading “In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.”

in politics preposition + noun

In this reading “The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.”

never moved adverb + adjective

In this reading “The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.”

rest of verb + particle

In this reading “The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.”

All words in this reading · 109

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

accentnounUS /əkˈsent/

distinctive manner of oral expression

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

acquiredadjectiveUS /əˈkwaɪərd/

gotten through environmental forces

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

AmericanounUS /əˈmerəkə/

North American republic containing 50 states - 48 conterminous states in North America plus Alaska in northwest North America and the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean; achieved independence in 1776

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

AtlanticnounUS /ətˈlæntɪk/

the 2nd largest ocean; separates North and South America on the west from Europe and Africa on the east

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

boldadjectiveUS /boʊld/

fearless and daring

From this reading In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

cheapadjectiveUS /tʃiːp/

relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

comparisonnounUS /kəmˈperəsən/

the act of examining resemblances

From this reading In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.

cousinsnounUS /ˈkʌzənz/

plural of “cousin” — the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

crudeadjectiveUS /kruːd/

not carefully or expertly made

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

curiouslyadverbUS /ˈkjʊriəsli/

in a manner differing from the usual or expected

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

cutverbUS /kʌt/

separate with or as if with an instrument

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

defiantadjectiveUS /dɪˈfaɪənt/

boldly resisting authority or an opposing force

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

differencesnounUS /ˈdɪfərənsɪz/

plural of “difference” — the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

DovernounUS /ˈdoʊvər/

the capital of the state of Delaware

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

effectuallyadverb

in an effectual manner

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

emigrationnounUS /ˌeməˈɡreɪʃən/

migration from a place (especially migration from your native country in order to settle in another)

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

EuropenounUS /ˈjʊrəp/

the 2nd smallest continent (actually a vast peninsula of Eurasia); the British use “Europe” to refer to all of the continent except the British Isles

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

EuropeannounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

faunanounUS /ˈfɔːnə/

all the animal life in a particular region or period

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

favoured

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

FloranounUS /ˈflɔːrə/

all the plant life in a particular region or period

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

hereditaryadjectiveUS /hərˈedəteri/

occurring among members of a family usually by heredity

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

intercoursenounUS /ˈɪntərkɔːrs/

communication between individuals

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

intoxicatedadjectiveUS /ɪnˈtɑːksəkeɪtɪd/

stupefied or excited by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

isolateverbUS /ˈaɪsəleɪt/

place or set apart

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

languagesnounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒəz/

plural of “language” — a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

LatinadjectiveUS /ˈlætən/

of or relating to the ancient Latins or the Latin language

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

meagreadjective

deficient in amount or quality or extent

From this reading In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.

mixedadjectiveUS /mɪkst/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

moralsnounUS /ˈmɔːrəlz/

motivation based on ideas of right and wrong

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

OceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

originnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

politicsnounUS /ˈpɑːlətɪks/

social relations involving intrigue to gain authority or power

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

prototypesnounUS /ˈproʊtətaɪps/

plural of “prototype” — a standard or typical example

From this reading In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

religionsnounUS /riˈlɪdʒənz/

plural of “religion” — a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

reputedverbUS /rɪˈpjuːtɪd/

past form of “repute” — look on as or consider

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

savourverb

have flavor; taste of something

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

spacesnounUS /ˈspeɪsəz/

plural of “space” — the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

speciesnounUS /ˈspiːʃiz/

(biology) taxonomic group whose members can interbreed

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

straitsnounUS /streɪts/

a bad or difficult situation or state of affairs

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

sufficedverbUS /səˈfaɪst/

past form of “suffice” — be sufficient; be adequate, either in quality or quantity

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

tonicadjectiveUS /ˈtɑːnɪk/

of or relating to or producing normal tone or tonus in muscles or tissue

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

toughadjectiveUS /tʌf/

not given to gentleness or sentimentality

From this reading In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.

uglyadjectiveUS /ˈʌɡli/

displeasing to the senses

From this reading In comparison with their European prototypes they seem tough, meagre, bold, and ugly.

untouchedadjectiveUS /ənˈtʌtʃt/

still full

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Flora and fauna have been intoxicated by that untouched soil and fresh tonic air, and by those vast spaces; in spite of their hereditary differences of species they have all acquired the same crude savour and defiant aspect.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The straits of Dover, which one may sometimes see across, have sufficed so to isolate England that it has never moved quite in step with the rest of Europe in politics, morals, or art.

wondernounUS /ˈwʌndər/

the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading No wonder that the Atlantic Ocean, although it has favoured a mixed emigration and cheap intercourse, should have cut off America so effectually that all the people there, even those of Latin origin, have become curiously different from any kind of European.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading In vain are they reputed to have the same religions or to speak the same languages as their cousins in the old world; everything has changed its accent, spirit, and value.

Chapter 7 of Character and Opinion in the United States by George Santayana holds 240 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Character and Opinion in the United States contain?

Chapter 7 holds 240 sentences of Character and Opinion in the United States, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Character and Opinion in the United States by George Santayana exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 240 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Character and Opinion in the United States?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #34654, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 121 minutes of reading across 291 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Character and Opinion in the United States

Words and structures a reader meets early in Character and Opinion in the United States, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Reason
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Character and Opinion in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Common
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Character and Opinion in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sense
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Character and Opinion in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Society
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Character and Opinion in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.