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Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose
Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose is here in full — 756 sentences across 152 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose
Context Illustration Reading 1/151 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.
C.--English, 1888 lines; French, 1849; as 102.1 to 100.
Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.
§ 7.
TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose is here in full — 756 sentences across 152 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/151 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.
Line 2
C.--English, 1888 lines; French, 1849; as 102.1 to 100.
Line 3
Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.
Line 4
§ 7.
Line 5
TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

average adjective US /ˈævərɪdʒ/

approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading “Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.”

characteristic noun US /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading “TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.”

dialect noun US /ˈdaɪəlekt/

the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people

From this reading “TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.”

employs noun US /emˈplɔɪz/

plural of “employ” — the state of being employed or having a job

From this reading “Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.”

Fragment noun US /ˈfræɡ.mənt/

A small part broken or separated off something larger.

From this reading “TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.”

three-quarters noun US /ˌθriːˈkwɔːrtərz/

three of four equal parts

From this reading “Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.”

translation noun US /trænzˈleɪʃən/

a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading “Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.”

translator noun US /trænˈsleɪtər/

a person who translates written messages from one language to another

From this reading “Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.”

All words in this reading · 47

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

100

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

102.1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading C.--English, 1888 lines; French, 1849; as 102.1 to 100.

11

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

117.5

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

1849

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading C.--English, 1888 lines; French, 1849; as 102.1 to 100.

1888

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading C.--English, 1888 lines; French, 1849; as 102.1 to 100.

3491

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

4105

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

7

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading § 7.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

averageadjectiveUS /ˈævərɪdʒ/

approximating the statistical norm or average or expected value

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading C.--English, 1888 lines; French, 1849; as 102.1 to 100.

characteristicnounUS /ˌkerəktərˈɪstɪk/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

DIALECTnounUS /ˈdaɪəlekt/

the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

employsnounUS /emˈplɔɪz/

plural of “employ” — the state of being employed or having a job

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

FragmentnounUS /ˈfræɡ.mənt/

A small part broken or separated off something larger.

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

linesnounUS /laɪnz/

plural of “line” — a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

NorthernadjectiveUS /ˈnɔːrðərn/

in or characteristic of a region of the United States north of (approximately) the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

runsnounUS /rʌnz/

plural of “run” — a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

strikingadjectiveUS /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/

sensational in appearance or thrilling in effect

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

TESTnounUS /test/

trying something to find out about it

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

three-quartersnounUS /ˌθriːˈkwɔːrtərz/

three of four equal parts

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading B.--English, 4105 lines; French, 3491; as 117.5 to 100.

translationnounUS /trænzˈleɪʃən/

a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

translatornounUS /trænˈsleɪtər/

a person who translates written messages from one language to another

From this reading Thus, in A and C, the translation runs nearly line for line; but in B, the translator employs, on an average, 11 lines and three-quarters for every 10 of the original.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading TEST II.--DIALECT.--But the striking characteristic of Fragment B is the use in it of a Northern dialect.

Chapter 3 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose by Geoffrey Chaucer holds 756 sentences, grouped into 152 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose contain?

Chapter 3 holds 756 sentences of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose, unabridged, divided into 152 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose by Geoffrey Chaucer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 756 sentences, grouped into 152 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose?

Work through the 152 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 152 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose

Common questions about reading Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose by Geoffrey Chaucer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose?

Yes. All 26237 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43089 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43089, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 5248 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose section by section

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Vocabulary met early in Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose

Words and structures a reader meets early in Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Represents
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Schwa
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Obscure
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Vowel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chaucer's Works, Volume 1 — Volume 1, Romaunt of the Rose; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.