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Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus
Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus is here in full — 1166 sentences across 234 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus
Context Illustration Reading 1/233 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
PROSE I.
_Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.
'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.
And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.
But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus is here in full — 1166 sentences across 234 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/233 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
PROSE I.
/proʊz aɪ/
Line 2
_Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.
Line 3
'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.
Line 4
And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.
Line 5
But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ben noun US /ben/

a mountain or tall hill

From this reading “'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.”

cum noun US /kʌm/

the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading “_Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.”

don noun US /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading “And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.”

greet verb US /ɡriːt/

express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading “But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.”

hast auxiliary verb US /hæst/

an old form of “have”, used with “thou”

From this reading “'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.”

hem noun US /hem/

the edge of a piece of cloth; especially the finished edge that has been doubled under and stitched down

From this reading “'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.”

namely adverb US /ˈneɪmli/

as follows

From this reading “But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.”

prose noun US /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading “PROSE I.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

5

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

al-be-it

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

al-outerly

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

al-outrely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

bennounUS /ben/

a mountain or tall hill

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

chere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

clere

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

cumnounUS /kʌm/

the thick white fluid containing spermatozoa that is ejaculated by the male genital tract

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

delitably

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

devyne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

dignitate

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

dignitee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

donnounUS /dɑːn/

a Spanish gentleman or nobleman

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

elles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

entencioun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

entendede

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

forbrak

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

forseide

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

foryeten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

governour

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

greetverbUS /ɡriːt/

express greetings upon meeting someone

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

gyderesse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

hadde

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

hastauxiliary verbUS /hæst/

an old form of “have”, used with “thou”

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

hathauxiliary verbUS /hæθ/

an old form of “has”

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

Hec

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

hemnounUS /hem/

the edge of a piece of cloth; especially the finished edge that has been doubled under and stitched down

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

herte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

hider-to

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

hir

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading PROSE I.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

kepinge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

lookinge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

mourninge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

mowen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

myn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

namelyadverbUS /ˈneɪmli/

as follows

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

nat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

natheles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

nenounUS /niː/

a colorless odorless gaseous element that give a red glow in a vacuum tube; one of the six inert gasses; occurs in the air in small amounts

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

OnounUS /oʊ/

a nonmetallic bivalent element that is normally a colorless odorless tasteless nonflammable diatomic gas; constitutes 21 percent of the atmosphere by volume; the most abundant element in the earth's crust

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

othre

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

overcomen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

passen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

Philosophia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

Philosophye

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

PROSEnounUS /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading PROSE I.

punisshinge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

quod

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

resouns

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

seid

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

seyn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

shewinge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

softely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

songen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

sorwe

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

thanne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

thilke

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

thinges

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

thoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

toldest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

unknowen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

uultus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

verrey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 'O,' quod I, 'thou that art gyderesse of verrey light; the thinges that thou hast seid me hider-to ben so clere to me and so shewinge by the devyne lookinge of hem, and by thy resouns, that they ne mowen ben overcomen.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

weighte

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

wepinge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

weren

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

weyes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

Whan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

whylom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

with-oute

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

wordes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

wrongadjectiveUS /rɔːŋ/

not correct; not in conformity with fact or truth

From this reading And thilke thinges that thou toldest me, al-be-it so that I hadde 10 whylom foryeten hem, for the sorwe of the wrong that hath ben don to me, yit natheles they ne weren nat al-outrely unknowen to me.

yif

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

yit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Hec cum Philosophia, dignitate uultus._ Whan Philosophye hadde songen softely and delitably the forseide thinges, kepinge the dignitee of hir chere and the weighte of hir wordes, I thanne, that ne hadde nat al-outerly foryeten the wepinge and the mourninge that was set in myn herte, forbrak the entencioun of hir that entendede yit to seyn 5 some othre thinges.

yveles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But this same is, namely, a right greet cause of my sorwe, so as the governour of thinges is good, yif that yveles mowen ben by any weyes; or elles yif that yveles passen with-oute punisshinge.

Chapter 10 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus by Geoffrey Chaucer holds 1166 sentences, grouped into 234 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus contain?

Chapter 10 holds 1166 sentences of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus, unabridged, divided into 234 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus by Geoffrey Chaucer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 1166 sentences, grouped into 234 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus?

Work through the 234 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 234 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus

Common questions about reading Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus by Geoffrey Chaucer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus?

Yes. All 25970 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #44833 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #44833, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 5194 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus section by section

How to work through Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus

Words and structures a reader meets early in Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Notes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boethius
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Troilus
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chaucer's Works, Volume 2 — Volume 2, Boethius and Troilus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.