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Cheap Jack Zita
Cheap Jack Zita

Chapter XXI

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.
Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.
Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.
The labourers were discontented because of the lowness of the wage and the high price of corn.
How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cheap Jack Zita

Chapter XXI

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.
Line 2
Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.
Line 3
Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.
Line 4
The labourers were discontented because of the lowness of the wage and the high price of corn.
Line 5
How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Because conjunction US /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading “Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.”

Behind preposition US /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading “Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.”

Left noun US /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.”

Let auxiliary verb US /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading “Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.”

Several noun US /ˈseveral/

a story-specific word describing an important person, object, action, or idea in this passage

From this reading “THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.”

Those determiner US /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading “Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

advantageous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

angry

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

causes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

combined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

corn

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The labourers were discontented because of the lowness of the wage and the high price of corn.

destroyed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

discontent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

discontented

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

drainage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

eleven

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

family

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

FEN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

Fens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

fishing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

five

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

four

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

fowling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

grounds

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

high

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The labourers were discontented because of the lowness of the wage and the high price of corn.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

improved

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

labourers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The labourers were discontented because of the lowness of the wage and the high price of corn.

land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

leftnounUS /left/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

lived

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

lowness

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The labourers were discontented because of the lowness of the wage and the high price of corn.

maintain

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

moment

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The labourers were discontented because of the lowness of the wage and the high price of corn.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

possible

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

price

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The labourers were discontented because of the lowness of the wage and the high price of corn.

produce

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

purchasing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

RIOTS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

scramble

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

seized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

Several

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

shillings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

slip

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

sporting

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

stone

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

ten

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

various

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE FEN RIOTS Several and various causes had combined to produce discontent in the Fens.

wage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The labourers were discontented because of the lowness of the wage and the high price of corn.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

week

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.

wheat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading How was it possible for a man on ten or eleven shillings a week to maintain a family, when wheat was at four to five shillings a stone?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Those who had been left behind in the scramble for land were discontented because others had seized the advantageous moment for purchasing which they had let slip.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Those who lived by fishing and fowling were angry because the improved drainage had destroyed their sporting grounds.