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Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child
Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child is here in full — 564 sentences across 113 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child
Context Illustration Reading 1/112 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.
Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.
The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.
The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.
The whipping top is also known and used.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child is here in full — 564 sentences across 113 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/112 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.
Line 2
Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.
Line 3
The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.
/ðə bɔɪz waɪnd ənd θroʊ ðem ɪn ə ˈmænər ˈsʌmˈwʌt ˈdɪfərənt frʌm ˈaʊərz/
Line 4
The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.
Line 5
The whipping top is also known and used.
/ðə ˈwɪpɪŋ tɑːp ɪz ˈɔːlsoʊ noʊn ənd juːzd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contests noun US /ˈkɑːntests/

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading “Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.”

damage noun US /ˈdæmədʒ/

the occurrence of a change for the worse

From this reading “The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.”

Japanese noun US /ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/

a native or inhabitant of Japan

From this reading “The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.”

player noun US /ˈpleɪər/

a person who participates in or is skilled at some game

From this reading “The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.”

shells noun US /ʃelz/

plural of “shell” — ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading “The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.”

spinning noun US /ˈspɪnɪŋ/

creating thread

From this reading “The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.”

tire verb US /ˈtaɪər/

lose interest or become bored with something or somebody

From this reading “Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.”

whipping noun US /ˈwɪpɪŋ/

beating with a whip or strap or rope as a form of punishment

From this reading “The whipping top is also known and used.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

adversary's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading The whipping top is also known and used.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

ceaseverbUS /siːs/

put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

contestsnounUS /ˈkɑːntests/

plural of “contest” — an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

damagenounUS /ˈdæmədʒ/

the occurrence of a change for the worse

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

intendedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtendɪd/

resulting from one's intentions

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

iron-clad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

JapanesenounUS /ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/

a native or inhabitant of Japan

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading The whipping top is also known and used.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

playernounUS /ˈpleɪər/

a person who participates in or is skilled at some game

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

ringverbUS /rɪŋ/

sound loudly and sonorously

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

shellsnounUS /ʃelz/

plural of “shell” — ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

spinningnounUS /ˈspɪnɪŋ/

creating thread

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

throwverbUS /θroʊ/

propel through the air

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

tireverbUS /ˈtaɪər/

lose interest or become bored with something or somebody

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

topnounUS /tɑːp/

the upper part of anything

From this reading The object of the player is to damage his adversary's top, or to make it cease spinning.

topsadjectiveUS /tɑːps/

of the highest quality

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

univalvenoun

a class of mollusks typically having a one-piece coiled shell and flattened muscular foot with a head bearing stalked eyes

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading The whipping top is also known and used.

waxverbUS /wæks/

cover with wax

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

whippingnounUS /ˈwɪpɪŋ/

beating with a whip or strap or rope as a form of punishment

From this reading The whipping top is also known and used.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading The boys wind and throw them in a manner somewhat different from ours.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The Japanese tops are of several kinds, some are made of univalve shells, filled with wax.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading Those intended for contests are made of hard wood, and are iron-clad by having a heavy iron ring round as a sort of tire.

Chapter 2 of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child by Matilda Chaplin Ayrton holds 564 sentences, grouped into 113 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child contain?

Chapter 2 holds 564 sentences of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child, unabridged, divided into 113 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child by Matilda Chaplin Ayrton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 564 sentences, grouped into 113 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child?

Work through the 113 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 113 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child

Common questions about reading Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child by Matilda Chaplin Ayrton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child?

Yes. All 1128 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #28979 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #28979, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child take to read?

About 94 minutes of reading across 226 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child

Words and structures a reader meets early in Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Typographical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Punctuation
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Errors
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Corrected
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Child-Life in Japan and Japanese Child; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.