used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
to or in a foreign country
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
AfterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/
later than; following
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
in or near a particular place or position
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
for the reason that
From this reading The law prohibiting export of grain because of the famine was proclaimed.
enter or assume a certain state or condition
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/
the past participle of “be”
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
earlier than; in front of
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
the event consisting of the start of something
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
Bigiel
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
the two together, not just one
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
inflected form of “buy” — obtain by purchase; acquire by means of a financial transaction
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
entertainedadjectiveUS /ˌentərˈteɪnd/
pleasantly occupied
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
excessivelyadverbUS /ɪkˈsesɪvli/
to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
expectationsnounUS /ˌekspekˈteɪʃənz/
plural of “expectation” — belief about (or mental picture of) the future
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
exportverbUS /ˈekspɔːrt/
sell or transfer abroad
From this reading The law prohibiting export of grain because of the famine was proclaimed.
exportedverbUS /ɪkˈspɔːrtəd/
past form of “export” — sell or transfer abroad
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
faminenounUS /ˈfæmən/
an acute insufficiency
From this reading The law prohibiting export of grain because of the famine was proclaimed.
favorableadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪvərəbəl/
encouraging or approving or pleasing
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
plural of “fear” — an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
marked by firm determination or resolution; not shakable
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/
preceding all others in time or space or degree
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
FlorencenounUS /ˈflɔːrəns/
a city in central Italy on the Arno; provincial capital of Tuscany; center of the Italian Renaissance from 14th to 16th centuries
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
showing where something starts, or who sent it
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
grainnounUS /ɡreɪn/
a relatively small granular particle of a substance
From this reading The law prohibiting export of grain because of the famine was proclaimed.
relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
used to add a contrasting statement
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
inside something, or within a place, period, or state
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
the collection of rules imposed by authority
From this reading The law prohibiting export of grain because of the famine was proclaimed.
a written message addressed to a person or organization
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
a vaguely specified concern
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
a particular point in time
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
information about recent and important events
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
not any; not one
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
used to mean any person in general, including the speaker
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
not allowed to continue to bat or run
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
have ownership or possession of
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
PanverbUS /pæn/
make a sweeping movement
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
being complete of its kind and without defect or blemish
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
plannedadjectiveUS /plænd/
designed or carried out according to a plan
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
experiencing or manifesting pleasure
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
Polanyetski
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
previouslyadverbUS /ˈpriːviəsli/
at an earlier time or formerly
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
pricesnounUS /ˈpraɪsəz/
plural of “price” — the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold)
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
proclaimedadjectiveUS /proʊˈkleɪmd/
declared publicly; made widely known
From this reading The law prohibiting export of grain because of the famine was proclaimed.
profitnounUS /ˈprɑːfət/
the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
profitableadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːfətəbəl/
yielding material gain or profit
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
prohibitingverbUS /proʊˈhɪbətɪŋ/
-ing form of “prohibit” — command against
From this reading The law prohibiting export of grain because of the famine was proclaimed.
conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
referencenounUS /ˈrefərəns/
a remark that calls attention to something or someone
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
possessing material wealth
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
risenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪzən/
(of e.g. celestial bodies) above the horizon
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
scalenounUS /skeɪl/
an ordered reference standard
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
self-lovenoun
feelings of excessive pride
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
for that reason; with the result that
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
SpeculationnounUS /ˌspekjəˈleɪʃən/
a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
Stanislav
Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
stay the same; remain in a certain state
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
suppliesnounUS /səˈplaɪz/
plural of “supply” — an amount of something available for use
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
surpassedverbUS /sərˈpæst/
past form of “surpass” — distinguish oneself
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
from one end or side of something to the other
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading But the firm had enormous supplies bought and exported previously; and because prices, especially at the first moment, had risen excessively abroad, Bigiel and Polanyetski began to do perfect business.
moved around an axis or center
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading The law prohibiting export of grain because of the famine was proclaimed.
any period of seven consecutive days
From this reading After a stay of one week in Florence, Pan Stanislav received his first letter from Bigiel concerning the business of the house, and news so favorable that it almost surpassed his expectations.
well-to-doadjective
in fortunate circumstances financially; moderately rich
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading Speculation, planned and carried through on a great scale, turned out so profitable that from well-to-do people, which they were before, they had become almost rich.
in the company of; together with
From this reading For that matter Pan Stanislav had been sure of his business from the beginning, and entertained no fears; the news, however, pleased him both with reference to profit and his own self-love.
