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Children of the Tenements
Children of the Tenements

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Children of the Tenements is here in full — 431 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/86 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.
They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.
Its supports had been burned away.
An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.
It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Children of the Tenements

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Children of the Tenements is here in full — 431 sentences across 87 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/86 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.
Line 2
They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.
Line 3
Its supports had been burned away.
/ɪts səˈpɔːrts hæd bɪn bɜːrnd əˈweɪ/
Line 4
An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.
Line 5
It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.
/ɪt ɪz nɑːt ˈplezənt tuː æd ðæt ðə dɪˈpɑːrtmənts dʒʌst dɪˈmænd fɔːr ə lɔː ðæt ʃʊd kəmˈpel ˈlændlɔːrdz ˈiːðər tuː bɪld tæŋks ɑːn ðə wɔːl ɔːr ɑːn ˈaɪərn səˈpɔːrts hæz nɑːt bɪn ˈhiːdəd jet bʌt ðæt ɪz ənˈhæpəli æn oʊld ˈstɔːri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

department's noun US /dɪˈpɑːrtmənts/

possessive form of “department” — a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading “It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.”

firemen noun US /ˈfaɪrmən/

plural of “fireman” — play in which children pretend to put out a fire

From this reading “An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.”

heeded verb US /ˈhiːdəd/

past form of “heed” — pay close attention to; give heed to

From this reading “It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.”

landlords noun US /ˈlændlɔːrdz/

plural of “landlord” — a landowner who leases to others

From this reading “It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.”

supports noun US /səˈpɔːrts/

plural of “support” — the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities

From this reading “Its supports had been burned away.”

tanks noun US /tæŋks/

plural of “tank” — an enclosed armored military vehicle; has a cannon and moves on caterpillar treads

From this reading “An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.”

timbers noun US /ˈtɪmbərz/

plural of “timber” — the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading “An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.”

unsupported adjective US /ənsəˈpɔːrtɪd/

not sustained or maintained by nonmaterial aid

From this reading “An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.”

All words in this reading · 120

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

3

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Its supports had been burned away.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Its supports had been burned away.

Bresnan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

buildverbUS /bɪld/

make by combining materials and parts

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

burnedadjectiveUS /bɜːrnd/

treated by heating to a high temperature but below the melting or fusing point

From this reading Its supports had been burned away.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

ChiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

compelverbUS /kəmˈpel/

force somebody to do something

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

crushedadjectiveUS /krʌʃt/

treated so as to have a permanently wrinkled appearance

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

demandnounUS /dɪˈmænd/

an urgent or peremptory request

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

department'snounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənts/

possessive form of “department” — a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

devotedadjectiveUS /dɪˈvoʊtɪd/

zealous in devotion or affection

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

directverbUS /dərˈekt/

command with authority

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

disasternounUS /dɪˈzæstər/

a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

every-day

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

examinationnounUS /ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃən/

the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

factorynounUS /ˈfæktəri/

a plant consisting of one or more buildings with facilities for manufacturing

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

firemennounUS /ˈfaɪrmən/

plural of “fireman” — play in which children pretend to put out a fire

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

ForemannounUS /ˈfɔːrmən/

a person who exercises control over workers

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Its supports had been burned away.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

heededverbUS /ˈhiːdəd/

past form of “heed” — pay close attention to; give heed to

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

intervalsnounUS /ˈɪntərvəlz/

plural of “interval” — a definite length of time marked off by two instants

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its supports had been burned away.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

landlordsnounUS /ˈlændlɔːrdz/

plural of “landlord” — a landowner who leases to others

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

literallyadverbUS /ˈlɪtərəli/

in a literal sense

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

menaceverbUS /ˈmenəs/

pose a threat to; present a danger to

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

mereadjectiveUS /mɪr/

being nothing more than specified

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

occursverbUS /əˈkɜːrz/

third-person singular of “occur” — come to pass

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

proppedverbUS /prɑːpt/

inflected form of “prop” — support by placing against something solid or rigid

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

realizeverbUS /ˈriːəlaɪz/

be fully aware or cognizant of

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

roof-beams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

Rooney

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

sacrificenounUS /ˈsækrəfaɪs/

the act of losing or surrendering something as a penalty for a mistake or fault or failure to perform etc.

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

securitynounUS /sɪˈkjʊrəti/

the state of being free from danger or injury

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

StreetnounUS /striːt/

a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

supportsnounUS /səˈpɔːrts/

plural of “support” — the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities

From this reading Its supports had been burned away.

supremeadjectiveUS /səˈpriːm/

final or last in your life or progress

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

tanksnounUS /tæŋks/

plural of “tank” — an enclosed armored military vehicle; has a cannon and moves on caterpillar treads

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

timbersnounUS /ˈtɪmbərz/

plural of “timber” — the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

Twenty-fourthadjective

coming next after the twenty-third in position

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

unhappilyadverbUS /ənˈhæpəli/

in an unpleasant way

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

unsupportedadjectiveUS /ənsəˈpɔːrtɪd/

not sustained or maintained by nonmaterial aid

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

water-tank

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

water-tanks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were crushed to death under the great water-tank in a Twenty-fourth Street factory that was on fire.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading An examination that was then made of the water-tanks in the city discovered eight thousand that were either wholly unsupported, except by the roof-beams, or propped on timbers, and therefore a direct menace, not only to the firemen when they were called there, but daily to those living under them.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading How literally our every-day security--of which we think, if we think of it at all, as a mere matter of course--is built upon the supreme sacrifice of these devoted men, we realize at long intervals, when a disaster occurs such as the one in which Chief Bresnan and Foreman Rooney[3] lost their lives three years ago.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading It is not pleasant to add that the department's just demand for a law that should compel landlords either to build tanks on the wall or on iron supports has not been heeded yet; but that is, unhappily, an old story.

Chapter 8 of Children of the Tenements by Jacob A. (Jacob August) Riis holds 431 sentences, grouped into 87 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Children of the Tenements contain?

Chapter 8 holds 431 sentences of Children of the Tenements, unabridged, divided into 87 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Children of the Tenements by Jacob A. (Jacob August) Riis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 431 sentences, grouped into 87 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Children of the Tenements?

Work through the 87 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 87 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Children of the Tenements

Common questions about reading Children of the Tenements by Jacob A. (Jacob August) Riis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Children of the Tenements?

Yes. All 4677 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21583 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Children of the Tenements is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21583, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Children of the Tenements take to read?

About 389 minutes of reading across 936 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Children of the Tenements section by section

How to work through Children of the Tenements section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 11 chapters of Children of the Tenements to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Children of the Tenements

Words and structures a reader meets early in Children of the Tenements, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Children of the Tenements; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Making
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Children of the Tenements; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
American
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Children of the Tenements; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Battle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Children of the Tenements; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.