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Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From
Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.
His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.
He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.
It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.
When we read his Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From is here in full — 416 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.
Line 2
His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.
Line 3
He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.
Line 4
It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.
Line 5
When we read hisLectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Fables noun US /ˈfeɪbəlz/

plural of “fable” — a deliberately false or improbable account

From this reading “It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.”

forwards adverb US /ˈfɔːrwərdz/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading “His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.”

Hymns noun US /hɪmz/

plural of “hymn” — a song of praise (to God or to a saint or to a nation)

From this reading “It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.”

incomplete adjective US /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/

not complete or total; not completed

From this reading “When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.”

Lectures noun US /ˈlektʃərz/

plural of “lecture” — a speech that is open to the public

From this reading “When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.”

Leipzig noun US /ˈlaɪpsɪɡ/

a city in southeastern Germany famous for fairs; formerly a music and publishing center

From this reading “Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.”

precede verb US /prɪˈsiːd/

be earlier in time; go back further

From this reading “His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.”

thronged adjective US /θrɔːŋd/

filled with great numbers crowded together

From this reading “His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.”

All words in this reading · 125

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1768

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

22

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

belovedadjectiveUS /bɪˈlʌvd/

dearly loved

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

cheerfuladjectiveUS /ˈtʃɪrfəl/

being full of or promoting cheer; having or showing good spirits

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

cheerfulnessnounUS /ˈtʃɪrfəlnəs/

the quality of being cheerful and dispelling gloom

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

collegenounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒ/

the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

concealverbUS /kənˈsiːl/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

countenancenounUS /ˈkaʊntənəns/

the appearance conveyed by a person's face

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

dnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

deprecatoryadjective

tending to diminish or disparage

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

doornounUS /dɔːr/

a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

exceedinglyadverbUS /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli/

to an extreme degree

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

FablesnounUS /ˈfeɪbəlz/

plural of “fable” — a deliberately false or improbable account

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

forwardsadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərdz/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

Furchtegott

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

gazingverbUS /ˈɡeɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “gaze” — look at with fixed eyes

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

Gellert

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

Gellert's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

holdingnounUS /ˈhoʊldɪŋ/

the act of retaining something

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

homewardsadverb

toward home

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

hurriedadjectiveUS /ˈhɜːrid/

moving rapidly or performed quickly or in great haste

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

HymnsnounUS /hɪmz/

plural of “hymn” — a song of praise (to God or to a saint or to a nation)

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

incompleteadjectiveUS /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/

not complete or total; not completed

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

landsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

LaysnounUS /leɪz/

plural of “lay” — a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

LecturesnounUS /ˈlektʃərz/

plural of “lecture” — a speech that is open to the public

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

LeipzignounUS /ˈlaɪpsɪɡ/

a city in southeastern Germany famous for fairs; formerly a music and publishing center

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

lingeredverbUS /ˈlɪŋɡərd/

past form of “linger” — remain present although waning or gradually dying

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

looseadjectiveUS /luːs/

not compact or dense in structure or arrangement

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

MoralsnounUS /ˈmɔːrəlz/

motivation based on ideas of right and wrong

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

mouthnounUS /maʊθ/

the opening through which food is taken in and vocalizations emerge

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

NicholasnounUS /ˈnɪkələs/

a bishop in Asia Minor who is associated with Santa Claus (4th century)

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

o'clockadverbUS /əˈklɑːk/

according to the clock

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

obtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

overcoatnounUS /ˈoʊvərkoʊt/

a heavy coat worn over clothes in winter

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

passengersnounUS /ˈpæsəndʒərz/

plural of “passenger” — a traveler riding in a vehicle (a boat or bus or car or plane or train etc) who is not operating it

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

PoetnounUS /ˈpoʊət/

a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

From this reading It was Christian Furchtegott Gellert, the Poet of Fables, Hymns, and Lays, who was just leaving his college.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

precedeverbUS /prɪˈsiːd/

be earlier in time; go back further

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

pressedadjectiveUS /prest/

compacted by ironing

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

printedverbUS /ˈprɪntɪd/

past form of “print” — put into print

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

reverentiallyadverb

with reverence; in a reverent manner

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

salutations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

salutedverbUS /səˈluːtɪd/

past form of “salute” — propose a toast to

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

St

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

studentsnounUS /ˈstuːdənts/

plural of “student” — a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

surprisedadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzd/

taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

throngedadjectiveUS /θrɔːŋd/

filled with great numbers crowded together

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

troopnounUS /truːp/

a group of soldiers

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

UniversitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading When we read his “Lectures upon Morals,” which were not printed until after his death, we obtain but a very incomplete idea of the great power with which they came immediately from Gellert's mouth.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading His countenance was exceedingly gentle, and on his features cheerfulness still lingered, for he had been gazing upon a hundred cheerful faces; after him thronged a troop of students, who, holding back, allowed him to precede them: the passengers in the streets saluted him, and some, students, who pressed forwards and hurried past him homewards, saluted him quite reverentially.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

wrappedadjectiveUS /ræpt/

covered with or as if with clothes or a wrap or cloak

From this reading Three o'clock had just struck from the tower of St. Nicholas, Leipzig, on the afternoon of December 22d, 1768, when a man, wrapped in a loose overcoat, came out of the door of the University.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading He returned their salutations with a surprised and almost deprecatory air, and yet he knew, and could not conceal from himself, that he was one of the best beloved, not only in the good city of Leipzig, but in all lands far and wide.

Chapter 1 of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From by Berthold Auerbach holds 416 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From contain?

Chapter 1 holds 416 sentences of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From by Berthold Auerbach exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 416 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From

Common questions about reading Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From by Berthold Auerbach on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From?

Yes. All 416 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #22665 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #22665, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From take to read?

About 34 minutes of reading across 84 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From section by section

How to work through Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From

Words and structures a reader meets early in Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Three
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
O'clock
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Struck
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tower
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christian Gellert's Last Christmas From; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.