Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Christmas Stories — Parish Matters
Christmas Stories — Parish Matters

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters is here in full — 406 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Christmas Stories — Parish Matters
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?
It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."
"Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."
"And is it not the over-plenty of labourers, that makes labour cheap?
I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Christmas Stories — Parish Matters

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters is here in full — 406 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?
/ɪn ðə fɜːrst pleɪs kæn juː tel miː waɪ wiːt ɪz soʊ tʃiːp dʒʌst æt ˈprezənt/
Line 2
It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."
Line 3
"Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."
Line 4
"And is it not the over-plenty of labourers, that makes labour cheap?
Line 5
I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bushel noun US /ˈbʊʃəl/

a United States dry measure equal to 4 pecks or 2152.42 cubic inches

From this reading “It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."”

cheap adjective US /tʃiːp/

relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading “"In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?”

crammed verb US /kræmd/

inflected form of “cram” — crowd or pack to capacity

From this reading “I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.”

eighty adjective US /ˈeɪti/

being ten more than seventy

From this reading “I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.”

families noun US /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading “I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.”

shillings noun US /ˈʃɪlɪŋz/

plural of “shilling” — the basic unit of money in Uganda; equal to 100 cents

From this reading “It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."”

upwards adverb US /ˈʌpwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position

From this reading “I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.”

wheat noun US /wiːt/

annual or biennial grass having erect flower spikes and light brown grains

From this reading “"In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

ten shillings noun + noun counted as “ten shilling”

In this reading “It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."”

first place adjective + noun

In this reading “"In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading "Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."

bushelnounUS /ˈbʊʃəl/

a United States dry measure equal to 4 pecks or 2152.42 cubic inches

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

cheapadjectiveUS /tʃiːp/

relatively low in price or charging low prices

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

cottagenounUS /ˈkɑːtədʒ/

a small house with a single story

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

crammedverbUS /kræmd/

inflected form of “cram” — crowd or pack to capacity

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

dealverbUS /diːl/

act on verbally or in some form of artistic expression

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

eightyadjectiveUS /ˈeɪti/

being ten more than seventy

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

indeedadverbUS /ˌɪnˈdiːd/

in truth (often tends to intensify)

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

it's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading "And is it not the over-plenty of labourers, that makes labour cheap?

labourers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "And is it not the over-plenty of labourers, that makes labour cheap?

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading "And is it not the over-plenty of labourers, that makes labour cheap?

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading "And is it not the over-plenty of labourers, that makes labour cheap?

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

over-plenty

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "And is it not the over-plenty of labourers, that makes labour cheap?

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading "Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

shillingsnounUS /ˈʃɪlɪŋz/

plural of “shilling” — the basic unit of money in Uganda; equal to 100 cents

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading "Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading "Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "And is it not the over-plenty of labourers, that makes labour cheap?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading "Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "Why it's cheap to be sure, because there is such plenty of it."

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

upwardsadverbUS /ˈʌpwərdz/

spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was, you know, ten shillings the bushel, and indeed sometimes a great deal more--it is now less than five."

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

wheatnounUS /wiːt/

annual or biennial grass having erect flower spikes and light brown grains

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading I remember this village when there were not more than fifty labourers' families, each with a cottage to itself; now there are upwards of eighty families, and sometimes two crammed together in one house.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "In the first place, can you tell me, why wheat is so cheap just at present?

Chapter 4 of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters by Edward Berens holds 406 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters contain?

Chapter 4 holds 406 sentences of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters by Edward Berens exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 406 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Christmas Stories — Parish Matters

Common questions about reading Christmas Stories — Parish Matters by Edward Berens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters?

Yes. All 1607 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35397 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35397, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Christmas Stories — Parish Matters take to read?

About 133 minutes of reading across 322 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Christmas Stories — Parish Matters section by section

How to work through Christmas Stories — Parish Matters section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Christmas Stories — Parish Matters

Words and structures a reader meets early in Christmas Stories — Parish Matters, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Christmas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Good-nature
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Parish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christmas Stories — Parish Matters; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.