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Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Christopher Columbus is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
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Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.
Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.
The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.
The last two were hardly larger than good-sized boats.
The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Christopher Columbus

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Christopher Columbus is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.
Line 2
Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.
/ðoʊz wɪtʃ ðə kɪŋ pleɪst æt hɪz dɪˈspoʊzəl wɜːr soʊ smɔːl ənd ˈpuːrli bɪlt ðæt noʊ mæn bʌt kəˈlʌmbəs wʊd hæv ˈtrʌstɪd hɪmˈself ɪn ðem əˈpɑːn ə væst ənˈnoʊn siː huːz ˈdeɪndʒərəs spɑːts wɜːr ənˈtʃɑːrtɪd/
Line 3
The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.
Line 4
The last two were hardly larger than good-sized boats.
Line 5
The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

actively adverb US /ˈæktɪvli/

in an active manner

From this reading “Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.”

Columbus noun US /kəˈlʌmbəs/

the state capital of Ohio; located in the center of the state; site of Ohio State University

From this reading “Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.”

impoverished adjective US /ɪmˈpɒv.ər.ɪʃt/

Reduced to poverty; having very little money or resources.

From this reading “The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.”

ninety adjective US /ˈnaɪnti/

being ten more than eighty

From this reading “The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.”

overjoyed adjective US /ˌoʊvərˈdʒɔɪd/

extremely joyful

From this reading “Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.”

poorly adverb US /ˈpuːrli/

(“ill” is often used as a combining form) in a poor or improper or unsatisfactory manner; not well

From this reading “Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.”

subsistence noun US /səbˈsɪstəns/

minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting

From this reading “The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.”

uncharted adjective US /ənˈtʃɑːrtɪd/

(of unknown regions) not yet surveyed or investigated

From this reading “Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

twelve months noun + noun counted as “twelve month”

In this reading “The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.”

at once preposition + adverb

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

In this reading “Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.”

Open Sea verb + noun

In this reading “Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.”

unknown sea adjective + noun

In this reading “Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.”

First Voyage adjective + noun

In this reading “Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.”

provided with verb + particle counted as “provide with”

In this reading “The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.”

last two adjective + noun

In this reading “The last two were hardly larger than good-sized boats.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

12

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

1492

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

3

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

5300

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

abandonedadjectiveUS /əˈbændənd/

forsaken by owner or inhabitants

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

activelyadverbUS /ˈæktɪvli/

in an active manner

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

AugustnounUS /ˈɑːɡəst/

the month following July and preceding September

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

boatsnounUS /boʊts/

plural of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading The last two were hardly larger than good-sized boats.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

citizensnounUS /ˈsɪtəzənz/

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

ColumbusnounUS /kəˈlʌmbəs/

the state capital of Ohio; located in the center of the state; site of Ohio State University

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

commandedverbUS /kəˈmændɪd/

past form of “command” — be in command of

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

crownedadjectiveUS /kraʊnd/

having an (artificial) crown on a tooth

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

DiscoverynounUS /dɪˈskʌvəri/

the act of discovering something

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

disposalnounUS /dɪˈspoʊzəl/

the power to use something or someone

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

ducats

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

effortsnounUS /ˈefərts/

plural of “effort” — earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

FittedadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtəd/

being the right size and shape to fit as desired

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

fittingadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtɪŋ/

in harmony with the spirit of particular persons or occasion

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

good-sized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The last two were hardly larger than good-sized boats.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading The last two were hardly larger than good-sized boats.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

impoverishedadjectiveUS /ɪmˈpɒv.ər.ɪʃt/

Reduced to poverty; having very little money or resources.

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

largeradjectiveUS /ˈlɑːrdʒər/

large or big relative to something else

From this reading The last two were hardly larger than good-sized boats.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

MarianounUS /mərˈiːə/

a dark region of considerable extent on the surface of the moon

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

NinanounUS /ˈniːnə/

the Babylonian goddess of the watery deep and daughter of Ea

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

ninetyadjectiveUS /ˈnaɪnti/

being ten more than eighty

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

OpenverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

OutadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

overjoyedadjectiveUS /ˌoʊvərˈdʒɔɪd/

extremely joyful

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

Palos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

Pinta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

poorlyadverbUS /ˈpuːrli/

(“ill” is often used as a combining form) in a poor or improper or unsatisfactory manner; not well

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

SantanounUS /ˈsæntə/

the legendary patron saint of children; an imaginary being who is thought to bring presents to children at Christmas

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

SeanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

sendingnounUS /ˈsendɪŋ/

the act of causing something to go (especially messages)

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

spotsnounUS /spɑːts/

spots before the eyes caused by opaque cell fragments in the vitreous humor and lens

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

squadronnounUS /ˈskwɑːdrən/

a cavalry unit consisting of two or more troops and headquarters and supporting arms

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

subsistencenounUS /səbˈsɪstəns/

minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

sumnounUS /sʌm/

a quantity of money

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The last two were hardly larger than good-sized boats.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

thirdnounUS /θɜːrd/

one of three equal parts of a divisible whole

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

ThosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

ThreenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

trustedadjectiveUS /ˈtrʌstɪd/

(of persons) worthy of trust or confidence

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The last two were hardly larger than good-sized boats.

unchartedadjectiveUS /ənˈtʃɑːrtɪd/

(of unknown regions) not yet surveyed or investigated

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

undertakingnounUS /ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋ/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

unknownadjectiveUS /ənˈnoʊn/

not known

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

vastadjectiveUS /væst/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading The vessel which he commanded was named the _Santa Maria_; the second, the _Pinta_; and the third, the _Nina_.

VesselsnounUS /ˈvesəlz/

plural of “vessel” — a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

VoyagenounUS /ˈvɔɪədʒ/

an act of traveling by water

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Three Vessels Fitted Out for Columbus—The First Voyage of Discovery is made from Palos, August 3, 1492—Columbus on the Open Sea Columbus was overjoyed at the success which at last crowned his efforts and at once began actively fitting out the necessary vessels.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The little squadron was provided with subsistence for twelve months and ninety men.[12] The cost of the expedition was not more than 5300 ducats, a sum which at that time seemed so large to the impoverished Court that the whole undertaking might have been abandoned had it not been that the citizens of Palos provided two of the vessels, the King sending only one.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Those which the King placed at his disposal were so small and poorly built that no man but Columbus would have trusted himself in them upon a vast, unknown sea whose dangerous spots were uncharted.

Chapter 3 of Christopher Columbus by Joachim Heinrich Campe holds 43 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Christopher Columbus contain?

Chapter 3 holds 43 sentences of Christopher Columbus, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Christopher Columbus by Joachim Heinrich Campe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 43 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Christopher Columbus?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Christopher Columbus

Common questions about reading Christopher Columbus by Joachim Heinrich Campe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Christopher Columbus?

Yes. All 1476 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #62366 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Christopher Columbus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #62366, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Christopher Columbus take to read?

About 123 minutes of reading across 296 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Christopher Columbus section by section

How to work through Christopher Columbus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 19 chapters of Christopher Columbus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Christopher Columbus

Words and structures a reader meets early in Christopher Columbus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christopher Columbus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chicago
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christopher Columbus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mcclurg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christopher Columbus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Plimpton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christopher Columbus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.