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Christopher Columbus
Christopher Columbus

Chapter VIII · The Return Voyage—Storm on the Way—Arrival at the Azores, Lisbon, and Palos

Chapter VIII of Christopher Columbus, “The Return Voyage—Storm on the Way—Arrival at the Azores, Lisbon, and Palos,” is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/13 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.
Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.
The storm rapidly approached.
It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.
Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Christopher Columbus

Chapter VIII · The Return Voyage—Storm on the Way—Arrival at the Azores, Lisbon, and Palos

Chapter VIII of Christopher Columbus, “The Return Voyage—Storm on the Way—Arrival at the Azores, Lisbon, and Palos,” is here in full — 67 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/13 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.
/ə freʃ west waɪnd wɪtʃ ˈfɔːrtʃənətli hæd sprʌŋ ʌp ˈkærid ðə ˈvesəlz ˈswɪftli əˈlɔːŋ ənd ðə ˈdʒɔɪfəl kruːz ɔːlˈredi ˈfænsid ðemˈselvz ɪn speɪn ˈtelɪŋ ðer əˈstɑːnɪʃt ˈlɪsənərz ðə ˈstɔːri ʌv ðə ˈwʌndərz ʌv ðə nuː wɜːrld/
Line 2
Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.
/ðen ˈsʌdənli ə stɔːrm klaʊd ərˈoʊz ɪn ðə ˈwestərn skaɪ/
Line 3
The storm rapidly approached.
/ðə stɔːrm ˈræpədli əˈproʊtʃt/
Line 4
It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.
/ɪt ɡruː ˈdɑːrkər ənd ˈdɑːrkər ənd ðə ˈfraɪtənd ˈseɪlərz ɪn ˈæŋkʃəs ɪkˈspektənsi ʌv wʌt maɪt ˈhæpən stʊd ərˈaʊnd ðə dek ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ ðə ˈædmərəl huː wɪð hɪz ˈkʌstəmeri kəmˈpoʊʒər ˈɪʃuːd ðə ˈnesəseri ˈɔːrdərz/
Line 5
Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cordage noun US /ˈkɔːrdədʒ/

the amount of wood in an area as measured in cords

From this reading “Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.”

crews noun US /kruːz/

plural of “crew” — the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading “A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.”

darker adjective US /ˈdɑːrkər/

comparative of “dark” — devoid of or deficient in light or brightness; shadowed or black

From this reading “It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.”

expectancy noun US /ɪkˈspektənsi/

an expectation

From this reading “It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.”

howled verb US /haʊld/

past form of “howl” — emit long loud cries

From this reading “Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.”

listeners noun US /ˈlɪsənərz/

plural of “listener” — someone who listens attentively

From this reading “A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.”

rattled adjective US /ˈrætəld/

thrown into a state of agitated confusion; (“rattled” is an informal term)

From this reading “Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.”

rigging noun US /ˈrɪɡɪŋ/

gear consisting of ropes etc. supporting a ship's masts and sails

From this reading “Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

western sky adjective + noun

In this reading “Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.”

west wind noun + noun

wind that blows from west to east

In this reading “A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.”

grew darker verb + noun counted as “grow dark”

In this reading “It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.”

broad ocean adjective + noun

In this reading “Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.”

sprung up verb + adjective counted as “spring up”

come into existence; take on form or shape

In this reading “A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.”

through the rigging preposition + article + noun counted as “through … rigging”

In this reading “Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.”

tossed about verb + particle counted as “toss about”

In this reading “Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.”

New World adjective + noun

the hemisphere that includes North America and South America

In this reading “A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

AdmiralnounUS /ˈædmərəl/

the supreme commander of a fleet; ranks above a vice admiral and below a fleet admiral

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

approachedverbUS /əˈproʊtʃt/

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading The storm rapidly approached.

aroseverbUS /ərˈoʊz/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

astonishedadjectiveUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃt/

filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

cloudverbUS /klaʊd/

make overcast or cloudy

From this reading Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.

composurenounUS /kəmˈpoʊʒər/

steadiness of mind under stress

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

cordagenounUS /ˈkɔːrdədʒ/

the amount of wood in an area as measured in cords

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

crewsnounUS /kruːz/

plural of “crew” — the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

customaryadjectiveUS /ˈkʌstəmeri/

in accordance with convention or custom

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

darkeradjectiveUS /ˈdɑːrkər/

comparative of “dark” — devoid of or deficient in light or brightness; shadowed or black

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

decknounUS /dek/

any of various platforms built into a vessel

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

expectancynounUS /ɪkˈspektənsi/

an expectation

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

fanciedadjectiveUS /ˈfænsid/

formed or conceived by the imagination

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

fearfullyadverb

in fear

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

fortunatelyadverbUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənətli/

by good fortune

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

frightenedadjectiveUS /ˈfraɪtənd/

made afraid

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

happenverbUS /ˈhæpən/

come to pass

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

howledverbUS /haʊld/

past form of “howl” — emit long loud cries

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

issuedverbUS /ˈɪʃuːd/

past form of “issue” — prepare and issue for public distribution or sale

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

joyfuladjectiveUS /ˈdʒɔɪfəl/

full of or producing joy

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

listenersnounUS /ˈlɪsənərz/

plural of “listener” — someone who listens attentively

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

oceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

ordersnounUS /ˈɔːrdərz/

plural of “order” — (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading The storm rapidly approached.

rattledadjectiveUS /ˈrætəld/

thrown into a state of agitated confusion; (“rattled” is an informal term)

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

riggingnounUS /ˈrɪɡɪŋ/

gear consisting of ropes etc. supporting a ship's masts and sails

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

sailorsnounUS /ˈseɪlərz/

plural of “sailor” — any member of a ship's crew

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

sprungverbUS /sprʌŋ/

inflected form of “spring” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.

swiftlyadverbUS /ˈswɪftli/

in a swift manner

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

tellingadjectiveUS /ˈtelɪŋ/

disclosing unintentionally something concealed

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

tossedverbUS /tɔːst/

past form of “toss” — throw or toss with a light motion

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

vesselsnounUS /ˈvesəlz/

plural of “vessel” — a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

wavesnounUS /weɪvz/

plural of “wave” — one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Now the waves of the broad ocean began to rise, the vessels were tossed about, the cordage rattled, and the wind howled fearfully through the rigging.

westnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

westernadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading Then suddenly a storm cloud arose in the western sky.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It grew darker and darker and the frightened sailors, in anxious expectancy of what might happen, stood around the deck watching the Admiral who, with his customary composure, issued the necessary orders.

wondersnounUS /ˈwʌndərz/

plural of “wonder” — the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

WorldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading A fresh west wind, which fortunately had sprung up, carried the vessels swiftly along and the joyful crews already fancied themselves in Spain telling their astonished listeners the story of the wonders of the New World.

Chapter 8 of Christopher Columbus by Joachim Heinrich Campe holds 67 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Christopher Columbus contain?

Chapter 8 holds 67 sentences of Christopher Columbus, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Christopher Columbus by Joachim Heinrich Campe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 67 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Christopher Columbus?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Christopher Columbus

Common questions about reading Christopher Columbus by Joachim Heinrich Campe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Christopher Columbus?

Yes. All 1476 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #62366 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Christopher Columbus is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #62366, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Christopher Columbus take to read?

About 123 minutes of reading across 296 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Christopher Columbus section by section

How to work through Christopher Columbus section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 19 chapters of Christopher Columbus to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Christopher Columbus

Words and structures a reader meets early in Christopher Columbus, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christopher Columbus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chicago
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christopher Columbus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mcclurg
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christopher Columbus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Plimpton
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Christopher Columbus; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.