Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series
Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series
Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.
No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.
The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.
The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.
Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.
Line 2
No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.
/noʊ ˈraɪzɪŋ dʌst əˈweɪkənd ðə ˌekspekˈteɪʃən ʌv ˈnɑːdɪŋ pluːmz ɔːr ˈflæʃɪŋ ɑːrmz/
Line 3
The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.
Line 4
The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.
/ðə ˈspɪrət ʌv ðə ɡeɪl sʌŋk ənd ˈbroʊkən baɪ ðə səˈvɪr ðoʊ pərˈhæps ˈnesəseri lɔːz ðæt proʊˈskraɪbd ðə dres ənd ɑːrmz wɪtʃ hiː kənˈsɪdərd æz hɪz ˈbɜːrθraɪt wɑːz ˈɪntəmeɪtɪd baɪ hɪz ˈdruːpɪŋ hed ənd dɪˈdʒektɪd əˈpɪrəns/
Line 5
Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

birthright noun US /ˈbɜːrθraɪt/

a right or privilege that you are entitled to at birth

From this reading “The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.”

Gael noun US /ɡeɪl/

a Gaelic-speaking Celt in Ireland or Scotland or the Isle of Man

From this reading “The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.”

lowland noun US /ˈloʊlænd/

low level country

From this reading “The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.”

prohibited adjective US /proʊˈhɪbətəd/

excluded from use or mention

From this reading “The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.”

proscribed adjective US /proʊˈskraɪbd/

excluded from use or mention

From this reading “The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.”

regenerated verb US /riˈdʒenəreɪtɪd/

past form of “regenerate” — reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new

From this reading “Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.”

variegated adjective US /ˈverɪɡeɪtɪd/

having a variety of colors

From this reading “The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.”

wanderers noun US /ˈwɑːndərərz/

plural of “wanderer” — someone who leads a wandering unsettled life

From this reading “Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.”

All words in this reading · 95

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

awakenedadjectiveUS /əˈweɪkənd/

aroused or activated

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

birthrightnounUS /ˈbɜːrθraɪt/

a right or privilege that you are entitled to at birth

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

brownnounUS /braʊn/

an orange of low brightness and saturation

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

complyverbUS /kəmˈplaɪ/

act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

concludedadjectiveUS /kənˈkluːdəd/

having come or been brought to a conclusion

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

dawnnounUS /dɔːn/

the first light of day

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

dejectedadjectiveUS /dɪˈdʒektɪd/

affected or marked by low spirits

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

depressedadjectiveUS /dɪˈprest/

lower than previously

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

distantadjectiveUS /ˈdɪstənt/

separated in space or coming from or going to a distance

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

droopingadjectiveUS /ˈdruːpɪŋ/

weak from exhaustion

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

dustverbUS /dʌst/

remove the dust from

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

dyedadjectiveUS /daɪd/

(used of color) artificially produced; not natural

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

Elspat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

Elspat's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

evadeverbUS /ɪˈveɪd/

avoid or try to avoid fulfilling, answering, or performing (duties, questions, or issues)

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

expectationnounUS /ˌekspekˈteɪʃən/

belief about (or mental picture of) the future

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

flashingnounUS /ˈflæʃɪŋ/

a short vivid experience

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

GaelnounUS /ɡeɪl/

a Gaelic-speaking Celt in Ireland or Scotland or the Isle of Man

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

glimmernounUS /ˈɡlɪmər/

a flash of light (especially reflected light)

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

greatcoatnoun

a heavy coat worn over clothes in winter

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

huesnounUS /hjuːz/

plural of “hue” — the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

intimatedverbUS /ˈɪntəmeɪtɪd/

past form of “intimate” — give to understand

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

latestadjectiveUS /ˈleɪtəst/

up to the immediate present; most recent or most up-to-date

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

listlesslyadverbUS /ˈlɪstləsli/

in a listless manner

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

lowlandnounUS /ˈloʊlænd/

low level country

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

necessaryadjectiveUS /ˈnesəseri/

absolutely essential

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

noddingadjectiveUS /ˈnɑːdɪŋ/

having branches or flower heads that bend downward

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

pathnounUS /pæθ/

a course of conduct

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

plumesnounUS /pluːmz/

plural of “plume” — anything that resembles a feather in shape or lightness

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

prohibitedadjectiveUS /proʊˈhɪbətəd/

excluded from use or mention

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

proscribedadjectiveUS /proʊˈskraɪbd/

excluded from use or mention

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

purplenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəl/

a purple color or pigment

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

recogniseverbUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/

show approval or appreciation of

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

regeneratedverbUS /riˈdʒenəreɪtɪd/

past form of “regenerate” — reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading No rising dust awakened the expectation of nodding plumes or flashing arms.

SaxonnounUS /ˈsæksən/

a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

severeadjectiveUS /səˈvɪr/

intensely or extremely bad or unpleasant in degree or quality

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

signnounUS /saɪn/

a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

solitaryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləteri/

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

stepnounUS /step/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

sunkadjectiveUS /sʌŋk/

doomed to extinction

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

surveyedverbUS /sərˈveɪd/

past form of “survey” — consider in a comprehensive way

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

tartans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The spirit of the Gael, sunk and broken by the severe though perhaps necessary laws, that proscribed the dress and arms which he considered as his birthright, was intimated by his drooping head and dejected appearance.

thraldomnoun

the state of being under the control of another person

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

travellernounUS /ˈtrævələr/

a person who changes location

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

trudgedverbUS /trʌdʒd/

past form of “trudge” — walk heavily and firmly, as when weary, or through mud

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

twilightnounUS /ˈtwaɪlaɪt/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

vainadjectiveUS /veɪn/

characteristic of false pride; having an exaggerated sense of self-importance

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

variegatedadjectiveUS /ˈverɪɡeɪtɪd/

having a variety of colors

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

wanderersnounUS /ˈwɑːndərərz/

plural of “wanderer” — someone who leads a wandering unsettled life

From this reading Not in such depressed wanderers did Elspat recognise the light and free step of her son, now, as she concluded, regenerated from every sign of Saxon thraldom.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was in vain that Elspat’s eyes surveyed the distant path by the earliest light of the dawn and the latest glimmer of the twilight.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading The solitary traveller trudged listlessly along in his brown lowland greatcoat, his tartans dyed black or purple, to comply with or evade the law which prohibited their being worn in their variegated hues.

Chapter 11 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series by Walter Scott holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series contain?

Chapter 11 holds 158 sentences of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series by Walter Scott exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series

Common questions about reading Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series by Walter Scott on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series?

Yes. All 2366 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1828 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1828, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series take to read?

About 197 minutes of reading across 474 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series section by section

How to work through Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series

Words and structures a reader meets early in Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Astra
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heaven
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ancient
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Motto
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.