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Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series
Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series is here in full — 540 sentences across 108 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/108 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?
Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.
DUKE UPON DUKE.
The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.
In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series is here in full — 540 sentences across 108 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/108 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?
Line 2
Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.
Line 3
DUKE UPON DUKE.
/duːk əˈpɑːn duːk/
Line 4
The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.
Line 5
In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cumberland noun US /ˈkʌmbərlənd/

English general; son of George II; fought unsuccessfully in the battle of Fontenoy (1721-1765)

From this reading “The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.”

disagree verb US /dɪsəˈɡriː/

be of different opinions

From this reading “Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?”

emphatically adverb US /emˈfætɪkli/

without question and beyond doubt

From this reading “The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.”

grassy adjective US /ˈɡræsi/

abounding in grass

From this reading “The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.”

invasion noun US /ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/

the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder

From this reading “In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.”

subsistence noun US /səbˈsɪstəns/

minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting

From this reading “In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.”

tempting adjective US /ˈtemptɪŋ/

highly attractive and able to arouse hope or desire

From this reading “In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.”

wilds noun US /waɪldz/

plural of “wild” — a wild primitive state untouched by civilization

From this reading “The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.”

All words in this reading · 85

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

chieflyadverbUS /ˈtʃiːfli/

for the most part

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

cordialitynoun

a cordial disposition

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

crossedadjectiveUS /krɔːst/

placed crosswise

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

CumberlandnounUS /ˈkʌmbərlənd/

English general; son of George II; fought unsuccessfully in the battle of Fontenoy (1721-1765)

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

derivedadjectiveUS /dərˈaɪvd/

formed or developed from something else; not original

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

disagreeverbUS /dɪsəˈɡriː/

be of different opinions

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

drove-road

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

drovers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

DUKEnounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading DUKE UPON DUKE.

emphaticallyadverbUS /emˈfætɪkli/

without question and beyond doubt

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

grassyadjectiveUS /ˈɡræsi/

abounding in grass

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

invasionnounUS /ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/

the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

Liddesdale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

lovedadjectiveUS /lʌvd/

held dear

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

lovingadjectiveUS /ˈlʌvɪŋ/

feeling or showing love and affection

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

neighbouringverbUS /ˈneɪbərɪŋ/

-ing form of “neighbour” — live or be located as a neighbor

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

OhnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

opportunitynounUS /ˌɑːpərˈtuːnəti/

a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

OWERLOUP

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

pairnounUS /per/

a set of two similar things considered as a unit

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

pasturenounUS /ˈpæstʃər/

a field covered with grass or herbage and suitable for grazing by livestock

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

pickingnounUS /ˈpɪkɪŋ/

the quantity of a crop that is harvested

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

regionsnounUS /ˈriːdʒənz/

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

requiteverb

make repayment for or return something

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

resolveverbUS /riˈzɑːlv/

bring to an end; settle conclusively

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

solitaryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləteri/

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

STARTverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

subsistencenounUS /səbˈsɪstəns/

minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

temptingadjectiveUS /ˈtemptɪŋ/

highly attractive and able to arouse hope or desire

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

traversedverbUS /ˈtrævərst/

past form of “traverse” — travel across or pass over

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

UPONprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading DUKE UPON DUKE.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Oh, thus it was, he loved him dear, And thought how to requite him, And having no friend left but he, He did resolve to fight him.

WastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

Wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Were ever two such loving friends!-- How could they disagree?

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading In these solitary regions the cattle under the charge of our drovers derived their subsistence chiefly by picking their food as they went along the drove-road, or sometimes by the tempting opportunity of a START AND OWERLOUP, or invasion of the neighbouring pasture, where an occasion presented itself.

wildsnounUS /waɪldz/

plural of “wild” — a wild primitive state untouched by civilization

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The pair of friends had traversed with their usual cordiality the grassy wilds of Liddesdale, and crossed the opposite part of Cumberland, emphatically called The Waste.

Chapter 14 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series by Walter Scott holds 540 sentences, grouped into 108 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series contain?

Chapter 14 holds 540 sentences of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series, unabridged, divided into 108 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series by Walter Scott exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 540 sentences, grouped into 108 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series?

Work through the 108 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 108 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series

Common questions about reading Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series by Walter Scott on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series?

Yes. All 2366 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1828 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1828, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series take to read?

About 197 minutes of reading across 474 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series section by section

How to work through Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 14 chapters of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series

Words and structures a reader meets early in Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Astra
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heaven
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Ancient
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Motto
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Chronicles of the Canongate, 1st Series; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.