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Ciphers for the Little Folks
Ciphers for the Little Folks

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Ciphers for the Little Folks is here in full — 44 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Ciphers for the Little Folks
Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.
Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.
Would you like to know why he did this?
Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.
Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Ciphers for the Little Folks

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Ciphers for the Little Folks is here in full — 44 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.
Line 2
Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.
Line 3
Would you like to know why he did this?
/wʊd juː laɪk tuː noʊ waɪ hiː dɪd ðɪs/
Line 4
Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.
Line 5
Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.
/lʊk æt ðə aɪˈtælɪk ˈkæpətəl ˈletərz ɪn ðə ˈʌpər pɑːrt ʌv ðɪs pleɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Albert noun US /ˈælbərt/

prince consort of Queen Victoria of England (1819-1861)

From this reading “Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.”

Alphabet noun US /ˈælfəbet/

a character set that includes letters and is used to write a language

From this reading “You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.”

Italic noun US /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading “Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.”

kinds noun US /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading “Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.”

Lucas noun US /ˈluːkəs/

United States screenwriter and filmmaker (born in 1944)

From this reading “Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.”

planned adjective US /plænd/

designed or carried out according to a plan

From this reading “You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.”

Roman adjective US /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading “Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.”

today noun US /təˈdeɪ/

the present time or age

From this reading “You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

upper part adjective + noun

In this reading “Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.”

many years adjective + noun

In this reading “You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.”

capital letters noun + noun

In this reading “Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.”

Look at verb + particle

take into consideration for exemplifying purposes

In this reading “Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.”

for example preposition + noun

as an example

In this reading “Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.”

know why verb + noun

In this reading “Would you like to know why he did this?”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

AlbertnounUS /ˈælbərt/

prince consort of Queen Victoria of England (1819-1861)

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

AlphabetnounUS /ˈælfəbet/

a character set that includes letters and is used to write a language

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

Alphabets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

artistnounUS /ˈɑːrtəst/

a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.

carefuladjectiveUS /ˈkerfəl/

exercising caution or showing care or attention

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Would you like to know why he did this?

Doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

Duerer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

finallyadverbUS /ˈfaɪnəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

Francisco

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

ItalicnounUS /aɪˈtælɪk/

a style of handwriting with the letters slanting to the right

From this reading Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.

IXnoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Would you like to know why he did this?

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

LookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.

LucasnounUS /ˈluːkəs/

United States screenwriter and filmmaker (born in 1944)

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.

plannedadjectiveUS /plænd/

designed or carried out according to a plan

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

PlatenounUS /pleɪt/

(baseball) base consisting of a rubber slab where the batter stands; it must be touched by a base runner in order to score

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

RomanadjectiveUS /ˈroʊmən/

relating to or characteristic of people of Rome

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

snounUS /es/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Would you like to know why he did this?

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

todaynounUS /təˈdeɪ/

the present time or age

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Plate IX shows you two other kinds of Alphabets made long ago by a Spanish artist, Francisco Lucas.

upperadjectiveUS /ˈʌpər/

the topmost one of two

From this reading Look at the Italic capital letters in the upper part of this Plate.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Do you remember that when Albert Duerer made his Alphabet of Roman letters he made more than one form of each letter--there were three _A_'s, for example.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Would you like to know why he did this?

Wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Would you like to know why he did this?

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You know now the beginning of the Alphabet, the careful way it was planned and made, and how finally after so many years it has come to be used in the form in which we have it today.

Chapter 4 of Ciphers for the Little Folks by Dorothy Crain holds 44 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Ciphers for the Little Folks contain?

Chapter 4 holds 44 sentences of Ciphers for the Little Folks, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Ciphers for the Little Folks by Dorothy Crain exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 44 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Ciphers for the Little Folks?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Ciphers for the Little Folks

Common questions about reading Ciphers for the Little Folks by Dorothy Crain on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Ciphers for the Little Folks?

Yes. All 259 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #39149 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Ciphers for the Little Folks is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #39149, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Ciphers for the Little Folks take to read?

About 21 minutes of reading across 52 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Ciphers for the Little Folks section by section

How to work through Ciphers for the Little Folks section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of Ciphers for the Little Folks to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Ciphers for the Little Folks

Words and structures a reader meets early in Ciphers for the Little Folks, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Method
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ciphers for the Little Folks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Teaching
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ciphers for the Little Folks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Greatest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ciphers for the Little Folks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Francis
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Ciphers for the Little Folks; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.