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Cities of the Dawn
Cities of the Dawn

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Cities of the Dawn is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CONSTANTINOPLE.
I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.
After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.
No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.
The city soon became worthy to be the seat of empire.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Cities of the Dawn

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Cities of the Dawn is here in full — 147 sentences across 30 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CONSTANTINOPLE.
/ˌkɑːnstæntəˈnoʊpəl/
Line 2
I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.
Line 3
After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.
Line 4
No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.
/noʊ wʌn kæn bleɪm ðə ˈempərər fɔːr prɪˈfɜːrɪŋ ˌkɑːnstæntəˈnoʊpəl tuː roʊm/
Line 5
The city soon became worthy to be the seat of empire.
/ðə ˈsɪti suːn bɪˈkeɪm ˈwɜːr.ði tuː biː ðə siːt ʌv ˈempaɪər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Anglia noun US /ˈæŋɡliə/

the Latin name for England

From this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

Byzantium noun US /bəˈzæntiəm/

an ancient city on the Bosporus founded by the Greeks; site of modern Istanbul; in 330 Constantine I rebuilt the city and called it Constantinople and made it his capital

From this reading “I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.”

Constantine noun US /ˈkɑːnstəntiːn/

Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and in 324 made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire; in 330 he moved his capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople (280-337)

From this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

constantinople noun US /ˌkɑːnstæntəˈnoʊpəl/

the largest city and former capital of Turkey

From this reading “CONSTANTINOPLE.”

enlarged adjective US /ˌenˈlɑːrdʒd/

(of an organ or body part) excessively enlarged as a result of increased size in the constituent cells

From this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

Hippodrome noun US /ˈhɪpədroʊm/

a stadium for horse shows or horse races

From this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

preferring verb US /prɪˈfɜːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “prefer” — like better; value more highly

From this reading “No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.”

Romans noun US /ˈroʊmənz/

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fell into verb + particle

In this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

lived in verb + particle counted as “live in”

live in the house where one works

In this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

some people adjective + noun

In this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

into the hands preposition + article + noun counted as “into … hands”

In this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

some hundreds adjective + noun counted as “some hundred”

In this reading “After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

658

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

AnglianounUS /ˈæŋɡliə/

the Latin name for England

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The city soon became worthy to be the seat of empire.

beautified

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The city soon became worthy to be the seat of empire.

blameverbUS /bleɪm/

put or pin the blame on

From this reading No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

Byza

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

ByzantiumnounUS /bəˈzæntiəm/

an ancient city on the Bosporus founded by the Greeks; site of modern Istanbul; in 330 Constantine I rebuilt the city and called it Constantinople and made it his capital

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

ConstantinenounUS /ˈkɑːnstəntiːn/

Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and in 324 made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire; in 330 he moved his capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople (280-337)

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

CONSTANTINOPLEnounUS /ˌkɑːnstæntəˈnoʊpəl/

the largest city and former capital of Turkey

From this reading CONSTANTINOPLE.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

EastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

EmperornounUS /ˈempərər/

the male ruler of an empire

From this reading No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.

empirenounUS /ˈempaɪər/

the domain ruled by an emperor or empress; the region over which imperial dominion is exercised

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

enlargedadjectiveUS /ˌenˈlɑːrdʒd/

(of an organ or body part) excessively enlarged as a result of increased size in the constituent cells

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

enormousadjectiveUS /ɪˈnɔːrməs/

extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

everythingpronounUS /ˈevriθɪŋ/

all things; all of a situation

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.

foundedverbUS /ˈfaʊndɪd/

past form of “found” — set up or found

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

HippodromenounUS /ˈhɪpədroʊm/

a stadium for horse shows or horse races

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

hundredsnounUS /ˈhʌndrədz/

plural of “hundred” — ten 10s

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

Megara

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

preferringverbUS /prɪˈfɜːrɪŋ/

inflected form of “prefer” — like better; value more highly

From this reading No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.

RomansnounUS /ˈroʊmənz/

a New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

RomenounUS /roʊm/

capital and largest city of Italy; on the Tiber; seat of the Roman Catholic Church; formerly the capital of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire

From this reading No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

ScotchnounUS /skɑːtʃ/

a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

seatnounUS /siːt/

a space reserved for sitting (as in a theater or on a train or airplane)

From this reading The city soon became worthy to be the seat of empire.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading The city soon became worthy to be the seat of empire.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading No one can blame the Emperor for preferring Constantinople to Rome.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I am in Constantinople, founded 658 B.C. by Byza, King of Megara, after whom it was called Byzantium.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

wondersnounUS /ˈwʌndərz/

plural of “wonder” — the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

worthyadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːr.ði/

Having or showing the qualities or abilities that merit recognition in character or magic.

From this reading The city soon became worthy to be the seat of empire.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading After some hundreds of years it fell into the hands of the Romans, who, like the Scotch, kept everything they could lay their hands on; and then came Constantine the Great, whose mother, some people say, lived in East Anglia, who enlarged and beautified the city, built the Hippodrome (one of the wonders of the place), and would have made it the capital of his enormous empire.

Chapter 7 of Cities of the Dawn by J. Ewing (James Ewing) Ritchie holds 147 sentences, grouped into 30 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Cities of the Dawn contain?

Chapter 7 holds 147 sentences of Cities of the Dawn, unabridged, divided into 30 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Cities of the Dawn by J. Ewing (James Ewing) Ritchie exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 147 sentences, grouped into 30 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Cities of the Dawn?

Work through the 30 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 30 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Cities of the Dawn

Common questions about reading Cities of the Dawn by J. Ewing (James Ewing) Ritchie on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Cities of the Dawn?

Yes. All 2476 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #36084 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Cities of the Dawn is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #36084, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Cities of the Dawn take to read?

About 206 minutes of reading across 496 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Cities of the Dawn section by section

How to work through Cities of the Dawn section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Cities of the Dawn to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Cities of the Dawn

Words and structures a reader meets early in Cities of the Dawn, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Naples
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cities of the Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Athens
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cities of the Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Pompeii
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cities of the Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Constantinople
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Cities of the Dawn; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.