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Citizen Bird
Citizen Bird

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Citizen Bird is here in full — 32 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Citizen Bird
Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.
Now it was September.
There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.
"In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.
"Excellently well!
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Citizen Bird

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Citizen Bird is here in full — 32 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.
Line 2
Now it was September.
/naʊ ɪt wɑːz sepˈtembər/
Line 3
There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.
/ðer wɜːr ˈswɑːloʊz ʌv ɔːl kaɪndz boʊθ oʊld ənd jʌŋ wɪð huːm ə ɡreɪt ˈmeni ˈʌðər bɜːrdz stɑːpt fɔːr ə ˈlɪtəl tʃæt/
Line 4
"In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.
Line 5
"Excellently well!
/ˈeksələntli wel/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

barn noun US /bɑːrn/

an outlying farm building for storing grain or animal feed and housing farm animals

From this reading “"In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.”

chat verb US /tʃæt/

talk socially without exchanging too much information

From this reading “There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.”

chorus noun US /ˈkɔːrəs/

any utterance produced simultaneously by a group

From this reading “CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.”

Excellently adverb US /ˈeksələntli/

extremely well

From this reading “"Excellently well!”

Swallow verb US /ˈswɑːloʊ/

pass through the esophagus as part of eating or drinking

From this reading “"In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.”

Swallows noun US /ˈswɑːloʊz/

plural of “swallow” — a small amount of liquid food

From this reading “CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.”

telegraph noun US /ˈteləɡræf/

apparatus used to communicate at a distance over a wire (usually in Morse code)

From this reading “CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.”

wires noun US /ˈwaɪərz/

plural of “wire” — ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading “CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.”

All words in this reading · 60

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

BanknounUS /bæŋk/

sloping land (especially the slope beside a body of water)

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

barnnounUS /bɑːrn/

an outlying farm building for storing grain or animal feed and housing farm animals

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

BIRDSnounUS /bɜːrdz/

plural of “bird” — warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

brothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

chatverbUS /tʃæt/

talk socially without exchanging too much information

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

CHORUSnounUS /ˈkɔːrəs/

any utterance produced simultaneously by a group

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

enjoyedverbUS /ˌenˈdʒɔɪd/

past form of “enjoy” — derive or receive pleasure from; get enjoyment from; take pleasure in

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

ExcellentlyadverbUS /ˈeksələntli/

extremely well

From this reading "Excellently well!

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Now it was September.

kindsnounUS /kaɪndz/

plural of “kind” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now it was September.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

perching

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading Now it was September.

sharp-tailed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

stoppedadjectiveUS /stɑːpt/

(of a nose) blocked

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

SwallowverbUS /ˈswɑːloʊ/

pass through the esophagus as part of eating or drinking

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

SwallowsnounUS /ˈswɑːloʊz/

plural of “swallow” — a small amount of liquid food

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

telegraphnounUS /ˈteləɡræf/

apparatus used to communicate at a distance over a wire (usually in Morse code)

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Now it was September.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading "Excellently well!

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

wiresnounUS /ˈwaɪərz/

plural of “wire” — ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading CHORUS BY THE BIRDS Swallows were perching on the same telegraph wires where they had met in May.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "In a few weeks we must be off--how have you enjoyed the summer?" asked the Bank Swallow of his sharp-tailed brother from the barn.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading There were Swallows of all kinds, both old and young, with whom a great many other birds stopped for a little chat.

Chapter 31 of Citizen Bird by Mabel Osgood Wright holds 32 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Citizen Bird contain?

Chapter 31 holds 32 sentences of Citizen Bird, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Citizen Bird by Mabel Osgood Wright exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 32 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Citizen Bird?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Citizen Bird

Common questions about reading Citizen Bird by Mabel Osgood Wright on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Citizen Bird?

Yes. All 4744 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11896 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Citizen Bird is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11896, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Citizen Bird take to read?

About 395 minutes of reading across 949 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Citizen Bird section by section

How to work through Citizen Bird section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 31 chapters of Citizen Bird to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Citizen Bird

Words and structures a reader meets early in Citizen Bird, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Nathaniel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Citizen Bird; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Theodora
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Citizen Bird; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Called
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Citizen Bird; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Short
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Citizen Bird; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.