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Civilization in the United States
Civilization in the United States

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Civilization in the United States is here in full — 470 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/94 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.
The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.
The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.
But I am in constant danger of being run out of office because I don’t enforce it.”
So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Civilization in the United States

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Civilization in the United States is here in full — 470 sentences across 94 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/94 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.
Line 2
The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.
/ðə pəˈliːs ɑːr daɪˈvɜːrtɪd frʌm ˈmɜːrdərz ənd ˈbɜːrɡləriz tuː ˈɡæmbəlɪŋ ənd ˈsekʃuːəl dɪˈlɪŋkwənsiz waɪl ðə ˈfriːkwənt ˈwɪŋkɪŋ æt sʌtʃ ˈbriːtʃɪz ʌv lɔː dɪˈstrɔɪz ðə eˈsenʃəl ˈpɑːpjələr kənˈvɪkʃən ðæt ə lɔː ɔːt tuː biː oʊˈbeɪd dʒʌst bɪˈkɔːz ɪt ɪz lɔː/
Line 3
The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.
Line 4
But I am in constant danger of being run out of office because I don’t enforce it.”
Line 5
So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.
/soʊ ðeɪ wɜːr ˈhæŋɪŋ ɡriːn ˈkɜːrtənz wɪtʃ sɜːrvd ðə ˈdʌbəl ˈpɜːrpəs ʌv ˈædvərtaɪzɪŋ ðə loʊˈkeɪʃən ʌv ðə stændz ənd ʌv prəˈtektɪŋ ðə ˈvɝː.tʃuː ʌv ðə ˈsɪtəzənz frʌm ˈvɪʒənz ʌv ˈiːvəl/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

breaches noun US /ˈbriːtʃɪz/

plural of “breach” — a failure to perform some promised act or obligation

From this reading “The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.”

breakdown noun US /ˈbreɪkdaʊn/

the act of disrupting an established order so it fails to continue

From this reading “One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.”

burglaries noun US /ˈbɜːrɡləriz/

plural of “burglary” — entering a building unlawfully with intent to commit a felony or to steal valuable property

From this reading “The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.”

delinquencies noun US /dɪˈlɪŋkwənsiz/

plural of “delinquency” — nonpayment of a debt when due

From this reading “The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.”

destroys verb US /dɪˈstrɔɪz/

third-person singular of “destroy” — do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of

From this reading “The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.”

enforce verb US /enˈfɔːrs/

ensure observance of laws and rules

From this reading “The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.”

murders noun US /ˈmɜːrdərz/

plural of “murder” — unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being

From this reading “The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.”

sexual adjective US /ˈsekʃuːəl/

of or relating to or characterized by sexuality

From this reading “The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

twenty-four hours adjective + noun

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

In this reading “The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.”

almost impossible adverb + adjective

In this reading “One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.”

double purpose verb + noun

In this reading “So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.”

constant danger adjective + noun

In this reading “But I am in constant danger of being run out of office because I don’t enforce it.””

green curtains noun + noun counted as “green curtain”

In this reading “So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.”

breaches of verb + particle counted as “breach of”

In this reading “The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.”

run out verb + adjective

become used up; be exhausted

In this reading “The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

advertisingnounUS /ˈædvərtaɪzɪŋ/

a public promotion of some product or service

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading But I am in constant danger of being run out of office because I don’t enforce it.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading But I am in constant danger of being run out of office because I don’t enforce it.”

breachesnounUS /ˈbriːtʃɪz/

plural of “breach” — a failure to perform some promised act or obligation

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

breakdownnounUS /ˈbreɪkdaʊn/

the act of disrupting an established order so it fails to continue

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

burglariesnounUS /ˈbɜːrɡləriz/

plural of “burglary” — entering a building unlawfully with intent to commit a felony or to steal valuable property

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But I am in constant danger of being run out of office because I don’t enforce it.”

ChiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

citizensnounUS /ˈsɪtəzənz/

plural of “citizen” — a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

committedadjectiveUS /kəˈmɪtɪd/

bound or obligated, as under a pledge to a particular cause, action, or attitude

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

constantadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstənt/

unvarying in nature

From this reading But I am in constant danger of being run out of office because I don’t enforce it.”

convictionnounUS /kənˈvɪkʃən/

an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

creationnounUS /kriˈeɪʃən/

the human act of creating

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

curtainsnounUS /ˈkɜːrtənz/

plural of “curtain” — hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

dangernounUS /ˈdeɪndʒər/

the condition of being susceptible to harm or injury

From this reading But I am in constant danger of being run out of office because I don’t enforce it.”

delinquenciesnounUS /dɪˈlɪŋkwənsiz/

plural of “delinquency” — nonpayment of a debt when due

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

destroysverbUS /dɪˈstrɔɪz/

third-person singular of “destroy” — do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

divertedadjectiveUS /daɪˈvɜːrtɪd/

pleasantly occupied

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But I am in constant danger of being run out of office because I don’t enforce it.”

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

enforceverbUS /enˈfɔːrs/

ensure observance of laws and rules

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

essentialadjectiveUS /eˈsenʃəl/

absolutely necessary; vitally necessary

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

evilnounUS /ˈiːvəl/

morally objectionable behavior

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

Fosdick

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

frequentverbUS /ˈfriːkwənt/

do one's shopping at; do business with; be a customer or client of

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

gamblingnounUS /ˈɡæmbəlɪŋ/

the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize)

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

hangingnounUS /ˈhæŋɪŋ/

decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

innumerableadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈnuːmərəbəl/

too numerous to be counted

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

justadverbUS /dʒʌst/

and nothing more

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

locationnounUS /loʊˈkeɪʃən/

a point or extent in space

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

minoradjectiveUS /ˈmaɪnər/

of lesser importance or stature or rank

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

murdersnounUS /ˈmɜːrdərz/

plural of “murder” — unlawful premeditated killing of a human being by a human being

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

obeyedverbUS /oʊˈbeɪd/

past form of “obey” — be obedient to

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

offences

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

officenounUS /ˈɔːfɪs/

place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

OrleansnounUS /ˈɔːrliənz/

a city on the Loire river in north central France; site of the siege of Orleans by the English (1428-1429)

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

oughtmodal verbUS /ɔːt/

used with “to” to say what is right or advisable

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

policenounUS /pəˈliːs/

the force of policemen and officers

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

popularadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːpjələr/

regarded with great favor, approval, or affection especially by the general public

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

protectingadjectiveUS /prəˈtektɪŋ/

shielding (or designed to shield) against harm or discomfort

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

Raymond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

reasonnounUS /ˈriːzən/

a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

repeatedlyadverbUS /rɪˈpiːtɪdli/

several time

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

sellingnounUS /ˈselɪŋ/

the exchange of goods for an agreed sum of money

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

seriousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪriəs/

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

servedverbUS /sɜːrvd/

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

sexualadjectiveUS /ˈsekʃuːəl/

of or relating to or characterized by sexuality

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

standsnounUS /stændz/

plural of “stand” — a support or foundation

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

SundaynounUS /ˈsʌndeɪ/

first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

suppressverbUS /səˈpres/

bring under control by force or authority

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

tobacconounUS /təˈbækoʊ/

leaves of the tobacco plant dried and prepared for smoking or ingestion

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

twenty-fouradjectiveUS /ˈtwentifɔːr/

being four more than twenty

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

visionsnounUS /ˈvɪʒənz/

plural of “vision” — a vivid mental image

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading So they were hanging green curtains, which served the double purpose of advertising the location of the stands and of protecting the virtue of the citizens from visions of evil.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading One serious reason for its breakdown has been the creation of innumerable minor offences, which are repeatedly committed and almost impossible to suppress.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

winkingnounUS /ˈwɪŋkɪŋ/

a reflex that closes and opens the eyes rapidly

From this reading The police are diverted from murders and burglaries to gambling and sexual delinquencies, while the frequent winking at such breaches of law destroys the essential popular conviction that a law ought to be obeyed just because it is law.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The Chief of Police of New Orleans told Raymond Fosdick, “If I should enforce the law against selling tobacco on Sunday, I would be run out of office in twenty-four hours.

Chapter 3 of Civilization in the United States by Harold [Editor] Stearns holds 470 sentences, grouped into 94 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Civilization in the United States contain?

Chapter 3 holds 470 sentences of Civilization in the United States, unabridged, divided into 94 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Civilization in the United States by Harold [Editor] Stearns exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 470 sentences, grouped into 94 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Civilization in the United States?

Work through the 94 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 94 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Civilization in the United States

Common questions about reading Civilization in the United States by Harold [Editor] Stearns on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Civilization in the United States?

Yes. All 7697 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #68385 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Civilization in the United States is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #68385, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Civilization in the United States take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1540 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Civilization in the United States section by section

How to work through Civilization in the United States section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Civilization in the United States

Words and structures a reader meets early in Civilization in the United States, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Italic
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Civilization in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enclosed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Civilization in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Underscores
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Civilization in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boldface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Civilization in the United States; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.